fix: don't retry http server 500/501 errors when uploading files

[reubenmiller]

Proposed changes

When uploading files, treat server errors (status codes, 500 and 501) as non-transient errors so they aren't retried as generally a retry won't help. Status Codes 502/503 are still retried as before as generally these errors are transient.

Types of changes

• Bugfix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Improvement (general improvements like code refactoring that doesn't explicitly fix a bug or add any new functionality)
• Documentation Update (if none of the other choices apply)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)

Paste Link to the issue

#3374

Checklist

• I have read the CONTRIBUTING doc
• I have signed the CLA (in all commits with git commit -s. You can activate automatic signing by running just prepare-dev once)
• I ran just format as mentioned in CODING_GUIDELINES
• I used just check as mentioned in CODING_GUIDELINES
• I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my feature works
• I have added necessary documentation (if appropriate)

Further comments

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 20.00000% with 4 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
crates/common/upload/src/upload.rs	20.00%	4 Missing ⚠️

📢 Thoughts on this report? Let us know!

🚀 New features to boost your workflow:

• ❄️ Test Analytics: Detect flaky tests, report on failures, and find test suite problems.

[github-actions]

Robot Results

✅ Passed	❌ Failed	⏭️ Skipped	Total	Pass %	⏱️ Duration
859	0	3	859	100	2h34m58.842691s

[didier-wenzek]

Approved