Implement comprehensive SOLID principles architecture for Hub Priorit…

[oh-da]

…ization Framework

This commit implements a complete SOLID-based architecture for the integrated transport hub prioritization system, demonstrating all five SOLID principles:

SINGLE RESPONSIBILITY PRINCIPLE (SRP):

• Each class has one clear responsibility
• Data loading, validation, scoring, classification separated
• Examples: ActivityScorer (only scores activity), MinMaxNormalizer (only normalizes)

OPEN/CLOSED PRINCIPLE (OCP):

• System open for extension, closed for modification
• New scorers extend BaseScorer without modifying framework
• New filters implement IEligibilityFilter
• Factory pattern for data loaders allows registration of new types

LISKOV SUBSTITUTION PRINCIPLE (LSP):

• All IScorer implementations are interchangeable
• All INormalizer implementations are interchangeable
• Repository implementations can be swapped
• Contracts maintained across all implementations

INTERFACE SEGREGATION PRINCIPLE (ISP):

• Small, focused interfaces (IScorer, INormalizer, IEligibilityFilter)
• Clients depend only on methods they use
• No fat interfaces forcing unnecessary dependencies

DEPENDENCY INVERSION PRINCIPLE (DIP):

• High-level modules depend on abstractions
• Scorers depend on INormalizer interface, not concrete normalizer
• Services depend on IDataRepository, not concrete repository
• Configuration injected via IConfiguration protocol

Key Components:

• src/interfaces.py: Core interfaces and protocols
• src/config.py: Configuration management with dependency injection
• src/data/: Data layer (loaders, validators, repository)
• src/spatial/: Spatial operations (H3, geometry) with DI
• src/classification/: Hub classification (eligibility, hierarchy)
• src/scoring/: Scoring system (5 criteria scorers, normalization, aggregation)
• tests/test_solid_principles.py: Comprehensive tests demonstrating SOLID

Architecture Patterns Used:

• Template Method: BaseScorer defines workflow
• Strategy Pattern: Interchangeable scorers, normalizers, classifiers
• Composite Pattern: CompositeEligibilityFilter
• Repository Pattern: Data access abstraction
• Factory Pattern: DataLoaderFactory

Documentation:

• README.md: Project overview and usage
• SOLID_PRINCIPLES.md: Detailed explanation of SOLID implementation
• Comprehensive docstrings throughout

All code follows SOLID principles for maintainability, testability, extensibility, and clarity.