Add comprehensive documentation for metaheuristic algorithm components

[Copilot]

Issue #251 identified that implemented metaheuristics (GRASP, Simulated Annealing, VNS, etc.) were undocumented, leaving users unaware of available optimization methods.

Documentation Added

Summary page (components.md) cataloging all algorithm components with integration diagram and usage patterns.

Metaheuristics (6 pages)

• Simulated Annealing, Iterated Greedy, Scatter Search, Multi-Start, VND, VNS

Constructors (5 pages)

• Base Constructive, GRASP variants (standard, GreedyRandom, RandomGreedy), Reconstructive

Improvers (4 pages)

• Base Improver, Local Search, Best/First Improvement strategies

Shake/Perturbation (4 pages)

• Base Shake, Random Move, Destructive, Destroy-Rebuild

Page Structure

Each page includes:

• Algorithm outline with pseudo-code
• Mermaid flow diagrams
• Implementation examples
• Comparison tables (where applicable)
• Related Java class references
• Problem-specific use cases (TSP, VRP, scheduling)
• Performance characteristics

Example

// Multi-Start with GRASP construction
var grasp = new MultiStartAlgorithm<>(
    "GRASP",
    new GRASPConstructive<>(0.3),  // alpha = 0.3
    new BestImprovementLS<>(),
    100  // iterations
);

// VNS with multiple neighborhoods
var vns = new VNSBuilder<MySolution, MyInstance>()
    .withConstructive(constructor)
    .withImprover(new VND<>(List.of(swap, insert, twoOpt)))
    .withShake(new DestroyRebuild<>(destructor, reconstructor))
    .withNeighChange(5)
    .build("VNS");

Navigation

Added .pages files organizing documentation into: Metaheuristics → Constructors → Improvers → Shakes hierarchy.

Documentation builds cleanly with mkdocs build. API doc links point to javadoc paths (generated separately).

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