[Phase 4] Static Analysis and Code Quality (Issue #43)

docs/CI_UPDATE_REQUIRED.md

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+# Required CI Update for Issue #43
+
+To complete Issue #43, the following CI workflow changes are needed:
+
+## Add to `.github/workflows/ci.yml`
+
+```yaml
+  static-analysis:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+
+      - name: Setup PHP
+        uses: shivammathur/setup-php@v2
+        with:
+          php-version: '8.2'
+          extensions: gmp
+
+      - name: Get composer cache directory
+        id: composer-cache
+        run: echo "::set-output name=dir::$(composer config cache-files-dir)"
+
+      - name: Cache dependencies
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        with:
+          path: ${{ steps.composer-cache.outputs.dir }}
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-composer-${{ hashFiles('**/composer.lock') }}
+          restore-keys: ${{ runner.os }}-composer-
+
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: composer install --no-interaction --prefer-dist
+
+      - name: PHPStan
+        run: make stan
+
+  code-style:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+
+      - name: Setup PHP
+        uses: shivammathur/setup-php@v2
+        with:
+          php-version: '8.2'
+          extensions: gmp
+
+      - name: Get composer cache directory
+        id: composer-cache
+        run: echo "::set-output name=dir::$(composer config cache-files-dir)"
+
+      - name: Cache dependencies
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        with:
+          path: ${{ steps.composer-cache.outputs.dir }}
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-composer-${{ hashFiles('**/composer.lock') }}
+          restore-keys: ${{ runner.os }}-composer-
+
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: composer install --no-interaction --prefer-dist
+
+      - name: Code Style (PHPCS)
+        run: make sniff
+```
+
+## Current Makefile Commands
+
+- `make stan` - Run PHPStan level 9
+- `make sniff` - Check code style (PSR-12)
+- `make cs` - Fix code style
+
+## PHPStan Configuration
+
+Already configured in `phpstan.neon`:
+```yaml
+parameters:
+    level: 9
+    paths:
+        - src
+        - tests
+```

docs/STATIC_ANALYSIS.md

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+# Static Analysis and Code Quality
+
+This project uses PHPStan for static analysis and PHPCS for code style checking.
+
+## PHPStan (Static Analysis)
+
+We use PHPStan level 9 for strict type checking.
+
+### Run Locally
+
+```bash
+make stan
+```
+
+### Configuration
+
+See `phpstan.neon` for configuration.
+
+## Code Style (PHPCS)
+
+We follow PSR-12 coding standards.
+
+### Check Code Style
+
+```bash
+make sniff
+```
+
+### Fix Code Style
+
+```bash
+make cs
+```
+
+## CI Integration
+
+The CI pipeline runs:
+1. Unit tests (PHPUnit)
+2. Static analysis (PHPStan)
+3. Code style check (PHPCS)
+
+All checks must pass before merging.