Making My Own Git

This project is a minimal implementation of Git, developed in Python, that replicates core functionalities of the distributed version control system. It serves as a learning tool to understand how Git works under the hood, including how it stores and manipulates data.

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Features

1. Repository Management:

   • Create and initialize Git repositories.
   • Manage .git directories with essential metadata and configurations.

2. Object Storage:

   • Implement object storage using SHA-1 hashing for blobs, trees, and commits.
   • Store and retrieve objects in Git's compressed format.

3. Basic Git Operations:

   • init: Create a new repository.
   • add: Stage changes by adding files to the index.
   • commit: Record staged changes in a commit object.
   • log: View commit history.
   • cat-file: Inspect Git objects (e.g., blobs, commits).

4. Branching:

   • Create and switch between branches.
   • Manage references for branch heads.

5. Learning Tool:

   • Provides detailed insights into Git’s internal structure and concepts like blobs, trees, commits, and refs.

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Installation

Prerequisites

• Python (version 3.7 or later)

Setup

1. Clone this repository:

   git clone https://github.com/SpideR1sh1/Git-Clone.git
   cd wyag

2. Run the script directly:

   python wyag.py

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Implemented Commands

Repository Management

• wyag init: Initialize a new Git repository.

  python wyag.py init

Object Management

• wyag hash-object: Create a blob object and store it.

  echo "Hello, WYAG!" | python wyag.py hash-object -w

• wyag cat-file: Inspect objects in the repository.

  python wyag.py cat-file blob <SHA-1>

Staging and Committing

• wyag add: Add files to the staging area.

  python wyag.py add <filename>

• wyag commit: Create a new commit.

  python wyag.py commit -m "Initial commit"

Viewing History

• wyag log: View the commit history.

  python wyag.py log

Branching

• wyag branch: Create or list branches.

  python wyag.py branch <branch_name>

• wyag checkout: Switch to a branch.

  python wyag.py checkout <branch_name>

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Project Structure

.
├── wyag.py        # Main script implementing Git functionality
├── objects.py     # Handles Git objects (blobs, trees, commits)
├── repository.py  # Manages repository initialization and configuration
├── utils.py       # Utility functions for file I/O and hashing
└── README.md      # Documentation

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How It Works

1. Repository Structure

• Initializes a .git directory containing objects, refs, and configuration files.

2. Object Storage

• Objects (blobs, trees, commits) are hashed using SHA-1 and stored in a compressed format in .git/objects/.

3. Indexing and Committing

• Stages changes by creating a temporary index file.
• Commits reference staged changes and previous commits.

4. Branch Management

• Branches are managed using references in .git/refs/heads/.

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Learning Objectives

• Understand Git’s internal workings: object storage, indexing, and branching.
• Explore the data structures (blobs, trees, commits) that form the backbone of Git.
• Learn how Git efficiently tracks changes and manages history.

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Usage Examples

Initialize a Repository

python wyag.py init

Add and Commit Files

echo "Hello, WYAG!" > file.txt
python wyag.py add file.txt
python wyag.py commit -m "Added file.txt"

View Commit History

python wyag.py log

Inspect an Object

python wyag.py cat-file blob <SHA-1>

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Planned Features

• Add support for merging branches.
• Implement diff to view changes between commits.
• Extend log to show graphical commit trees.

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Acknowledgments

• Sincere thanks to Thibault Polge, whose “Write Yourself a Git” tutorial served as an invaluable learning resource and foundation for this implementation.

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License

This project is licensed under the MIT License.