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Added partial base class TorqueEquation for use with turbine models #78

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Merged
dietmarw merged 9 commits into from
Feb 24, 2026
Merged

Added partial base class TorqueEquation for use with turbine models #78

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1a12472
Added partial base class TorqueEquation for use with turbine models
boerrebj Feb 11, 2026
8795bfc
Merged feat/torqueEquation into master
boerrebj Feb 11, 2026
6da4f31
Added base class TorqueEquation
boerrebj Feb 11, 2026
8b35496
Added f_grid - grid frequency to Data, corrected reference speed for …
boerrebj Feb 17, 2026
1b7da4f
Fix package order.
dietmarw Feb 23, 2026
6c46ffa
Fix the documentation
dietmarw Feb 23, 2026
f6326eb
Make Power2Torque to extend from TorqueEquation
dietmarw Feb 23, 2026
2667cde
Make use of library imports
dietmarw Feb 23, 2026
9628269
Make use of f_nom helper parameter
dietmarw Feb 24, 2026
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1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions OpenHPL/Data.mo
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ record Data "Provides a data set of most common used settings"
annotation (Dialog(group = "Waterway properties"));
parameter SI.Compressibility beta_total = 1 / (rho*1000^2) "Total compressibility"
annotation (Dialog(group = "Waterway properties"));
parameter SI.Frequency f_grid=50 "Grid frequency" annotation (Dialog(group = "System properties"));
parameter Boolean SteadyState=false "If checked, simulation starts in steady state"
annotation (choices(checkBox = true), Dialog(group="Initialization"));
parameter SI.VolumeFlowRate Vdot_0 = 0 "Initial volume flow rate through the system"
Expand Down
213 changes: 53 additions & 160 deletions OpenHPL/ElectroMech/BaseClasses/Power2Torque.mo
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -1,166 +1,59 @@
within OpenHPL.ElectroMech.BaseClasses;
partial model Power2Torque "Converts a power signal to a torque in the rotational domain"
extends TorqueEquation;
outer Data data "Using standard class with global parameters";

parameter Boolean useH= false "If checked, calculate the inertia from a given H value"
annotation (Dialog(group = "Mechanical"), choices(checkBox=true));
parameter SI.Power Pmax = 100e6 "Maximum rated power (for torque limiting and H calculation)"
annotation (Dialog(group = "Mechanical"));
parameter SI.Time H = 2.75 "Inertia constant H, typical 2s (high-head hydro) to 6s (gas or low-head hydro) production units"
annotation (Dialog(group = "Mechanical", enable=useH));
parameter SI.MomentOfInertia J = 2e5 "Moment of inertia of the unit"
annotation (Dialog(group = "Mechanical", enable=not useH));
parameter Integer p(min=2) = 12 "Number of poles for mechanical speed calculation"
annotation (Dialog(group = "Mechanical"),
choices( choice = 2 "2,[3000|3600] rpm",
choice = 4 "4,[1500|1800] rpm",
choice = 6 "6,[1000|1200] rpm",
choice = 8 "8,[750|900] rpm",
choice = 10 "10,[600|720] rpm",
choice = 12 "12,[500|600] rpm",
choice = 14 "14,[429|514] rpm",
choice = 16 "16,[375|450] rpm",
choice = 18 "18,[333|400] rpm",
choice = 20 "20,[300|360] rpm",
choice = 22 "22,[273|327] rpm",
choice = 24 "24,[250|300] rpm",
choice = 26 "26,[231|277] rpm",
choice = 28 "28,[214|257] rpm",
choice = 30 "30,[200|240] rpm",
choice = 28 "32,[187.5|225] rpm"));
parameter SI.Power Ploss = 0 "Friction losses of the unit at nominal speed"
annotation (Dialog(group = "Mechanical"));
parameter SI.PerUnit f_0=1 "Initial speed of the unit"
annotation (Dialog(group="Initialization"));
parameter Boolean enable_nomSpeed = false "If checked, unit runs at fixed speed f_0"
annotation (choices(checkBox = true),
Dialog(group = "Initialization", enable=not fixed_iniSpeed and not enable_f_in));
parameter Boolean useH = false "If checked, calculate the inertia from a given H value" annotation(
Dialog(group = "Mechanical"),
choices(checkBox = true));
parameter Modelica.Units.SI.Power Pmax = 100e6 "Maximum rated power (for torque limiting and H calculation)" annotation(
Dialog(group = "Mechanical"));
parameter Modelica.Units.SI.Time H = 2.75 "Inertia constant H, typical 2s (high-head hydro) to 6s (gas or low-head hydro) production units" annotation(
Dialog(group = "Mechanical", enable = useH));
parameter Modelica.Units.SI.MomentOfInertia J = 2e5 "Moment of inertia of the unit" annotation(
Dialog(group = "Mechanical", enable = not useH));
parameter Integer p(min = 2) = 12 "Number of poles for mechanical speed calculation" annotation(
Dialog(group = "Mechanical"),
choices(choice = 2 "2,[3000|3600] rpm", choice = 4 "4,[1500|1800] rpm", choice = 6 "6,[1000|1200] rpm", choice = 8 "8,[750|900] rpm", choice = 10 "10,[600|720] rpm", choice = 12 "12,[500|600] rpm", choice = 14 "14,[429|514] rpm", choice = 16 "16,[375|450] rpm", choice = 18 "18,[333|400] rpm", choice = 20 "20,[300|360] rpm", choice = 22 "22,[273|327] rpm", choice = 24 "24,[250|300] rpm", choice = 26 "26,[231|277] rpm", choice = 28 "28,[214|257] rpm", choice = 30 "30,[200|240] rpm", choice = 28 "32,[187.5|225] rpm"));
parameter Modelica.Units.SI.Power Ploss = 0 "Friction losses of the unit at nominal speed" annotation(
Dialog(group = "Mechanical"));
parameter Modelica.Units.SI.PerUnit f_0 = 1 "Initial speed of the unit" annotation(
Dialog(group = "Initialization"));
parameter Boolean enable_nomSpeed = false "If checked, unit runs at fixed speed f_0" annotation(
choices(checkBox = true),
Dialog(group = "Initialization", enable = not fixed_iniSpeed and not enable_f_in));
parameter Boolean fixed_iniSpeed = false "If checked, unit initialises with fixed speed.
When connecting several units mechanically only one can be fixed."
annotation (choices(checkBox = true),
Dialog(group = "Initialization", enable=not enable_nomSpeed and not enable_f_in));
parameter Boolean enable_f_in=false "If checked, get a connector for speed input"
annotation (choices(checkBox = true),
Dialog(group="Inputs", tab="I/O", enable=not fixed_iniSpeed and not enable_nomSpeed));
parameter Boolean enable_w = false "If checked, get a connector for angular velocity output"
annotation (choices(checkBox = true), Dialog(group = "Outputs", tab="I/O"));
parameter Boolean enable_f = false "If checked, get a connector for speed output"
annotation (choices(checkBox = true), Dialog(group = "Outputs", tab="I/O"));

Modelica.Blocks.Math.Division power2torque
annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{-76,-6},{-64,6}})));
Modelica.Mechanics.Rotational.Sensors.SpeedSensor speedSensor
annotation (Placement(transformation(
extent={{10,-10},{-10,10}},
rotation=90,
origin={10,-20})));
Modelica.Mechanics.Rotational.Components.Inertia inertia(J=if useH then 2*H*Pmax/f_0^2 else J, w(start=f_0*2*C.pi*data.f_0/(p/2), fixed=not enable_nomSpeed and not enable_f_in and fixed_iniSpeed))
annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{-20,-10},{0,10}})));
Modelica.Electrical.Machines.Losses.Friction friction(frictionParameters(PRef=Ploss, wRef=data.f_0*4*C.pi/p))
annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{0,60},{20,40}})));
Modelica.Mechanics.Rotational.Components.Fixed fixed
annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{20,50},{40,70}})));
Modelica.Mechanics.Rotational.Sources.Torque torque
annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{-36,-6},{-24,6}})));
Modelica.Blocks.Nonlinear.Limiter div0protect(uMax=Modelica.Constants.inf, uMin=Modelica.Constants.small)
annotation (Placement(transformation(
extent={{-6,-6},{6,6}},
rotation=180,
origin={-50,-40})));
Modelica.Blocks.Math.Gain w_m2pu(k=(p/2)/(2*C.pi*data.f_0))
annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{66,-46},{78,-34}})));
Modelica.Blocks.Nonlinear.Limiter torqueLimit(uMax=Pmax/f_0)
annotation (Placement(transformation(
extent={{6,6},{-6,-6}},
rotation=180,
origin={-50,0})));
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutput f if enable_f
"Speed output of the unit [pu]"
annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{100,-50},{120,-30}}),
iconTransformation(extent={{100,-50},{120,-30}})));
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutput w(unit="rad/s") if enable_w
"Mechanical angular velocity output of the unit [rad/s]"
annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{100,30},{120,50}}),
iconTransformation(extent={{100,30},{120,50}})));

Modelica.Mechanics.Rotational.Interfaces.Flange_b flange "Flange of right shaft"
annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{40,-10},{60,10}}), iconTransformation(extent={{-10,-10},{10,10}})));
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.RealExpression power
annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{-60,20},{-80,40}})));
Modelica.Mechanics.Rotational.Sensors.PowerSensor frictionLoss
annotation (Placement(transformation(
extent={{10,-10},{-10,10}},
rotation=270,
origin={10,20})));
Modelica.Mechanics.Rotational.Sources.Speed setSpeed if enable_nomSpeed or enable_f_in
annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{76,-6},{64,6}})));
Modelica.Mechanics.Rotational.Components.IdealGear toSysSpeed(ratio=2/p) "Converts to system speed based on p = 2"
annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{24,-6},{36,6}})));
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.RealExpression nominalSpeed(y=f_0) if enable_nomSpeed
annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{-10,-80},{10,-60}})));
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealInput f_in if enable_f_in and not enable_nomSpeed
"Speed input of the unit [pu]"
annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{-20,-20},{20,20}},rotation=90,origin={-80,-120})));
Modelica.Blocks.Math.Gain pu2w_s(k=2*C.pi*data.f_0) if enable_f_in or enable_nomSpeed
annotation (Placement(transformation(extent={{40,-90},{60,-70}})));

When connecting several units mechanically only one can be fixed." annotation(
choices(checkBox = true),
Dialog(group = "Initialization", enable = not enable_nomSpeed and not enable_f_in));
parameter Boolean enable_f_in = false "If checked, get a connector for speed input" annotation(
choices(checkBox = true),
Dialog(group = "Inputs", tab = "I/O", enable = not fixed_iniSpeed and not enable_nomSpeed));
parameter Boolean enable_w = false "If checked, get a connector for angular velocity output" annotation(
choices(checkBox = true),
Dialog(group = "Outputs", tab = "I/O"));
parameter Boolean enable_f = false "If checked, get a connector for speed output" annotation(
choices(checkBox = true),
Dialog(group = "Outputs", tab = "I/O"));
Modelica.Blocks.Math.Division power2torque annotation(
Placement(transformation(extent = {{-76, -6}, {-64, 6}})));
Modelica.Blocks.Nonlinear.Limiter div0protect(uMax = Modelica.Constants.inf, uMin = Modelica.Constants.small) annotation(
Placement(transformation(extent = {{-6, -6}, {6, 6}}, rotation = 180, origin = {-50, -40})));
Modelica.Blocks.Nonlinear.Limiter torqueLimit(uMax=Pmax/(2*C.pi*f_nom))
annotation (
Placement(transformation(extent = {{6, 6}, {-6, -6}}, rotation = 180, origin = {-50, 0})));
Modelica.Blocks.Sources.RealExpression power annotation(
Placement(transformation(extent = {{-60, 20}, {-80, 40}})));
equation
connect(w, speedSensor.w) annotation (Line(
points={{110,40},{40,40},{40,-40},{10,-40},{10,-31}},
color={0,0,127},
pattern=LinePattern.Dash));
connect(w_m2pu.u, speedSensor.w) annotation (Line(points={{64.8,-40},{10,-40},{10,-31}}, color={0,0,127}));
connect(div0protect.y, power2torque.u2) annotation (Line(points={{-56.6,-40},{-88,-40},{-88,-3.6},{-77.2,-3.6}},
color={0,0,127}));
connect(f, w_m2pu.y) annotation (Line(
points={{110,-40},{78.6,-40}},
color={0,0,127},
pattern=LinePattern.Dash));
connect(power2torque.y, torqueLimit.u) annotation (Line(points={{-63.4,0},{-64,0},{-64,8.88178e-16},{-57.2,8.88178e-16}},
color={0,0,127}));
connect(torqueLimit.y, torque.tau) annotation (Line(points={{-43.4,-6.66134e-16},{-42,-6.66134e-16},{-42,0},{-37.2,0}},
color={0,0,127}));
connect(speedSensor.w,div0protect. u) annotation (Line(points={{10,-31},{10,-40},{-42.8,-40}},
color={0,0,127}));
connect(inertia.flange_b, speedSensor.flange) annotation (Line(points={{0,0},{10,0},{10,-10}}, color={0,0,0}));
connect(friction.support, fixed.flange) annotation (Line(points={{10,60},{10,70},{30,70},{30,60}}, color={0,0,0}));
connect(torque.flange, inertia.flange_a) annotation (Line(points={{-24,0},{-20,0}},
color={0,0,0}));
connect(w, w) annotation (Line(points={{110,40},{105,40},{105,40},{110,40}}, color={0,0,127}));
connect(power.y, power2torque.u1) annotation (Line(points={{-81,30},{-88,30},{-88,3.6},{-77.2,3.6}},
color={0,0,127}));
connect(frictionLoss.flange_a, inertia.flange_b) annotation (Line(points={{10,10},{10,0},{0,0}}, color={0,0,0}));
connect(frictionLoss.flange_b, friction.flange) annotation (Line(points={{10,30},{10,40}}, color={0,0,0}));
connect(setSpeed.flange, flange) annotation (Line(points={{64,0},{50,0}}, color={0,0,0},
pattern=LinePattern.Dash));
connect(flange, toSysSpeed.flange_b) annotation (Line(points={{50,0},{36,0}}, color={0,0,0}));
connect(toSysSpeed.flange_a, inertia.flange_b) annotation (Line(points={{24,0},{0,0}}, color={0,0,0}));
connect(setSpeed.w_ref, pu2w_s.y) annotation (Line(
points={{77.2,0},{88,0},{88,-80},{61,-80}},
color={0,0,127},
pattern=LinePattern.Dash));
connect(pu2w_s.u, f_in) annotation (Line(
points={{38,-80},{28,-80},{28,-90},{-80,-90},{-80,-120}},
color={0,0,127},
pattern=LinePattern.Dash));
connect(nominalSpeed.y, pu2w_s.u) annotation (Line(
points={{11,-70},{28,-70},{28,-80},{38,-80}},
color={0,0,127},
pattern=LinePattern.Dash));
annotation (Icon(graphics={
Text(
visible=enable_w,
extent={{80,50},{100,30}},
textColor={0,0,0},
textString="w"),
Text(
visible=enable_f,
extent={{80,-30},{100,-50}},
textColor={0,0,0},
textString="f"),
Text(
visible=enable_f_in,
extent={{-100,-70},{-60,-90}},
textColor={0,0,0},
textString="f_in")}));
connect(div0protect.y, power2torque.u2) annotation(
Line(points = {{-56.6, -40}, {-88, -40}, {-88, -3.6}, {-77.2, -3.6}}, color = {0, 0, 127}));
connect(power2torque.y, torqueLimit.u) annotation(
Line(points = {{-63.4, 0}, {-64, 0}, {-64, 8.88178e-16}, {-57.2, 8.88178e-16}}, color = {0, 0, 127}));
connect(power.y, power2torque.u1) annotation(
Line(points = {{-81, 30}, {-88, 30}, {-88, 3.6}, {-77.2, 3.6}}, color = {0, 0, 127}));
connect(torqueLimit.y, torque.tau) annotation(
Line(points = {{-44, 0}, {-38, 0}}, color = {0, 0, 127}));
connect(div0protect.u, speedSensor.w) annotation(
Line(points = {{-42, -40}, {10, -40}, {10, -30}}, color = {0, 0, 127}));
annotation(
Icon(graphics = {Text(visible = enable_w, extent = {{80, 50}, {100, 30}}, textColor = {0, 0, 0}, textString = "w"), Text(visible = enable_f, extent = {{80, -30}, {100, -50}}, textColor = {0, 0, 0}, textString = "f"), Text(visible = enable_f_in, extent = {{-100, -70}, {-60, -90}}, textColor = {0, 0, 0}, textString = "f_in")}));
end Power2Torque;
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