chore(deps): upgrade ubuntu base images 20.04/22.04 → 24.04 LTS

[aymericDD]

What does this PR do?

• Adds new functionality
• Alters existing functionality
• Fixes a bug
• Improves documentation or testing

Please briefly describe your changes as well as the motivation behind them:

• Upgrades Ubuntu image references from 20.04/22.04 to 24.04 LTS (Noble) across lima.yaml, .gitlab-ci.yml, and examples/demo.yaml to align with the version already used in production Dockerfiles
• Fixes the GitLab CI check-lockfile job for Ubuntu 24.04: adds --break-system-packages (required by PEP 668) and removes the --upgrade pip step (apt-managed pip cannot uninstall itself)

Code Quality Checklist

• The documentation is up to date.
• My code is sufficiently commented and passes continuous integration checks.
• I have signed my commit (see Contributing Docs).

Testing

• I leveraged continuous integration testing
  • by depending on existing unit tests or end-to-end tests.
  • by adding new unit tests or end-to-end tests.
• I manually tested the following steps:
  • Triggered GitLab CI pipeline — check-lockfile job passes with Ubuntu 24.04.
  • locally.
  • as a canary deployment to a cluster.

[datadog-datadog-prod-us1]

🎉 All green!

❄️ No new flaky tests detected
🧪 All tests passed

🎯 Code Coverage (details)
• Patch Coverage: 100.00%
• Overall Coverage: 39.09% (+0.00%)

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