Added examples and comments while learning conditionals

Author: siv-the-programmer

basics/conditionals.py

@@ -1,2 +1,79 @@
 #----------Conditionals with Python---------
-print("Lets learn conditionals")
+print("Lets learn conditionals")
+print("-----------------------")
+
+# What is conditionals?
+
+# Conditionals in Python are statements that allow a program to make decisions and execute different blocks of code based on whether a specified condition is true or false.
+# They are fundamental for controlling the flow of a program and enabling it to respond dynamically to various inputs or situations.
+
+# Conditionals:
+
+# if 
+# elif
+# else
+
+# How they work
+
+#----------------Example 1-----------------------
+
+# We store the users input in the variable called <name>
+name = input("What is your name: ")
+if name == "John": # if the user name is equal to john we will print a message "Hello john" 
+    print(f"Hello {name}")
+else: # If the users name is not john we will print a message letting the program know john is not present
+    print(f"I only say hello if john is present")
+    
+#---------------Example 2-----------------------
+
+age = input("Enter your age ")
+if age >= "18":
+    print("You are allowed to vote")
+else:
+    print("Please come back when you are 18 or over") 
+
+#---------------Elif--(elseif)---------------
+
+# The elif conditional basically means (else if) , for example: if name is John or Mary or Sam, then do this. If not, do something else
+# We would say (if) your name is John (elif) Mary (elif) Sam then do this or (else) do something else
+# We will also use the statement (or) to make sure it doesnt matter if the first letter is uppercase or lowercase
+
+#----------------Example----------------------
+# In this example is will be using:
+
+# Variables
+# Print 
+# if 
+# elif 
+# else
+# or
+# f string
+
+print("The only people allowed to Access are:\n")
+print("John, Mary, Sam") # We print out the names on the screen for those who are allowed to enter
+j = "John" # We store all the user names in variables so we can use them later
+m = "Mary"
+s = "Sam"
+names = input("Enter your name to Access: ") # Ask the user to input their name
+if names == "john" or names == "John": # if the name is john or John
+    print(f"You have Access {j}") # We will print you have Access john 
+elif names == "sam" or names == "Sam": # if the name is sam or Sam
+    print(f"You have Access {s}") # We will print you have Access Sam
+elif names == "mary" or names == "Mary": # if the name is mary or Mary
+    print(f"You have Access {m}") # We will print you have Access Mary
+else:
+    print("Access Denied") # If none of the names match the names shown above we will then print out Access Denied
+    
+#---------------------------Example using Boolean----
+print("light on or off?") # print light on or off on the screen for the user to see
+light_on = input("> ") # variable called light_on stores the value or data the user inputs
+if light_on == "on": # if the user types "on" meaning the light is on we will print the bool True
+    print(True)
+elif light_on == "off": # if the user types "off" meaning the light is off we will print the bool False
+    print(False)
+    
+
+
+
+    
+