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<mediawiki xmlns="http://www.mediawiki.org/xml/export-0.3/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.mediawiki.org/xml/export-0.3/ http://www.mediawiki.org/xml/export-0.3.xsd" version="0.3" xml:lang="en">
<siteinfo>
<sitename>Wikipedia</sitename>
<base>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page</base>
<generator>MediaWiki 1.6alpha</generator>
<case>first-letter</case>
<namespaces>
<namespace key="-2">Media</namespace>
<namespace key="-1">Special</namespace>
<namespace key="0" />
<namespace key="1">Talk</namespace>
<namespace key="2">User</namespace>
<namespace key="3">User talk</namespace>
<namespace key="4">Wikipedia</namespace>
<namespace key="5">Wikipedia talk</namespace>
<namespace key="6">Image</namespace>
<namespace key="7">Image talk</namespace>
<namespace key="8">MediaWiki</namespace>
<namespace key="9">MediaWiki talk</namespace>
<namespace key="10">Template</namespace>
<namespace key="11">Template talk</namespace>
<namespace key="12">Help</namespace>
<namespace key="13">Help talk</namespace>
<namespace key="14">Category</namespace>
<namespace key="15">Category talk</namespace>
<namespace key="100">Portal</namespace>
<namespace key="101">Portal talk</namespace>
</namespaces>
</siteinfo>
<page>
<title>AaA</title>
<id>1</id>
<revision>
<id>32899315</id>
<timestamp>2005-12-27T18:46:47Z</timestamp>
<contributor>
<username>Jsmethers</username>
<id>614213</id>
</contributor>
<text xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[AAA]]</text>
</revision>
</page>
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<title>AlgeriA</title>
<id>5</id>
<revision>
<id>18063769</id>
<timestamp>2005-07-03T11:13:13Z</timestamp>
<contributor>
<username>Docu</username>
<id>8029</id>
</contributor>
<minor />
<comment>adding cur_id=5: {{R from CamelCase}}</comment>
<text xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Algeria]]{{R from CamelCase}}</text>
</revision>
</page>
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<title>AmericanSamoa</title>
<id>6</id>
<revision>
<id>18063795</id>
<timestamp>2005-07-03T11:14:17Z</timestamp>
<contributor>
<username>Docu</username>
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<minor />
<comment>adding to cur_id=6 {{R from CamelCase}}</comment>
<text xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[American Samoa]]{{R from CamelCase}}</text>
</revision>
</page>
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<title>AppliedEthics</title>
<id>8</id>
<revision>
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<timestamp>2002-02-25T15:43:11Z</timestamp>
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<ip>Conversion script</ip>
</contributor>
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<comment>Automated conversion</comment>
<text xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Applied ethics]]
</text>
</revision>
</page>
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<timestamp>2003-04-25T22:18:38Z</timestamp>
<contributor>
<username>Ams80</username>
<id>7543</id>
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<comment>Fixing redirect</comment>
<text xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Accessible_computing]]</text>
</revision>
</page>
<page>
<title>AdA</title>
<id>11</id>
<revision>
<id>15898946</id>
<timestamp>2002-09-22T16:02:58Z</timestamp>
<contributor>
<username>Andre Engels</username>
<id>300</id>
</contributor>
<minor />
<text xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Ada programming language]]</text>
</revision>
</page>
<page>
<title>Anarchism</title>
<id>12</id>
<revision>
<id>42136831</id>
<timestamp>2006-03-04T01:41:25Z</timestamp>
<contributor>
<username>CJames745</username>
<id>832382</id>
</contributor>
<minor />
<comment>/* Anarchist Communism */ too many brackets</comment>
<text xml:space="preserve">{{Anarchism}}
'''Anarchism''' originated as a term of abuse first used against early [[working class]] [[radical]]s including the [[Diggers]] of the [[English Revolution]] and the [[sans-culotte|''sans-culottes'']] of the [[French Revolution]].[http://uk.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761568770/Anarchism.html] Whilst the term is still used in a pejorative way to describe ''"any act that used violent means to destroy the organization of society"''<ref>[http://www.cas.sc.edu/socy/faculty/deflem/zhistorintpolency.html History of International Police Cooperation], from the final protocols of the "International Conference of Rome for the Social Defense Against Anarchists", 1898</ref>, it has also been taken up as a positive label by self-defined anarchists.
The word '''anarchism''' is [[etymology|derived from]] the [[Greek language|Greek]] ''[[Wiktionary:&#945;&#957;&#945;&#961;&#967;&#943;&#945;|&#945;&#957;&#945;&#961;&#967;&#943;&#945;]]'' ("without [[archon]]s (ruler, chief, king)"). Anarchism as a [[political philosophy]], is the belief that ''rulers'' are unnecessary and should be abolished, although there are differing interpretations of what this means. Anarchism also refers to related [[social movement]]s) that advocate the elimination of authoritarian institutions, particularly the [[state]].<ref>[http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Definitions_of_anarchism Definitions of anarchism] on Wikiquote, accessed 2006</ref> The word "[[anarchy]]," as most anarchists use it, does not imply [[chaos]], [[nihilism]], or [[anomie]], but rather a harmonious [[anti-authoritarian]] society. In place of what are regarded as authoritarian political structures and coercive economic institutions, anarchists advocate social relations based upon [[voluntary association]] of autonomous individuals, [[mutual aid]], and [[self-governance]].
While anarchism is most easily defined by what it is against, anarchists also offer positive visions of what they believe to be a truly free society. However, ideas about how an anarchist society might work vary considerably, especially with respect to economics; there is also disagreement about how a free society might be brought about.
== Origins and predecessors ==
[[Peter Kropotkin|Kropotkin]], and others, argue that before recorded [[history]], human society was organized on anarchist principles.<ref>[[Peter Kropotkin|Kropotkin]], Peter. ''"[[Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution]]"'', 1902.</ref> Most anthropologists follow Kropotkin and Engels in believing that hunter-gatherer bands were egalitarian and lacked division of labour, accumulated wealth, or decreed law, and had equal access to resources.<ref>[[Friedrich Engels|Engels]], Freidrich. ''"[http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1884/origin-family/index.htm Origins of the Family, Private Property, and the State]"'', 1884.</ref>
[[Image:WilliamGodwin.jpg|thumb|right|150px|William Godwin]]
Anarchists including the [[The Anarchy Organisation]] and [[Murray Rothbard|Rothbard]] find anarchist attitudes in [[Taoism]] from [[History of China|Ancient China]].<ref>The Anarchy Organization (Toronto). ''Taoism and Anarchy.'' [[April 14]] [[2002]] [http://www.toxicpop.co.uk/library/taoism.htm Toxicpop mirror] [http://www.geocities.com/SoHo/5705/taoan.html Vanity site mirror]</ref><ref>[[Murray Rothbard|Rothbard]], Murray. ''"[http://www.lewrockwell.com/rothbard/ancient-chinese.html The Ancient Chinese Libertarian Tradition]"'', an extract from ''"[http://www.mises.org/journals/jls/9_2/9_2_3.pdf Concepts of the Role of Intellectuals in Social Change Toward Laissez Faire]"'', The Journal of Libertarian Studies, 9 (2) Fall 1990.</ref> [[Peter Kropotkin|Kropotkin]] found similar ideas in [[stoicism|stoic]] [[Zeno of Citium]]. According to Kropotkin, Zeno "repudiated the omnipotence of the state, its intervention and regimentation, and proclaimed the sovereignty of the moral law of the individual". <ref>[http://www.blackcrayon.com/page.jsp/library/britt1910.html Anarchism], written by Peter Kropotkin, from Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1910]</ref>
The [[Anabaptist]]s of 16th century Europe are sometimes considered to be religious forerunners of modern anarchism. [[Bertrand Russell]], in his ''History of Western Philosophy'', writes that the Anabaptists "repudiated all law, since they held that the good man will be guided at every moment by [[the Holy Spirit]]...[f]rom this premise they arrive at [[communism]]...."<ref>[[Bertrand Russell|Russell]], Bertrand. ''"Ancient philosophy"'' in ''A History of Western Philosophy, and its connection with political and social circumstances from the earliest times to the present day'', 1945.</ref> [[Diggers (True Levellers)|The Diggers]] or "True Levellers" were an early communistic movement during the time of the [[English Civil War]], and are considered by some as forerunners of modern anarchism.<ref>[http://www.zpub.com/notes/aan-hist.html An Anarchist Timeline], from Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1994.</ref>
In the [[modern era]], the first to use the term to mean something other than chaos was [[Louis-Armand de Lom d'Arce de Lahontan, Baron de Lahontan|Louis-Armand, Baron de Lahontan]] in his ''Nouveaux voyages dans l'Amérique septentrionale'', (1703), where he described the [[Native Americans in the United States|indigenous American]] society, which had no state, laws, prisons, priests, or private property, as being in anarchy<ref>[http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/cgi-local/DHI/dhi.cgi?id=dv1-12 Dictionary of the History of Ideas - ANARCHISM]</ref>. [[Russell Means]], a [[libertarian]] and l