diff --git a/.github/actions/setup-codeql-environment/action.yml b/.github/actions/setup-codeql-environment/action.yml
index 9b7bd1d4..27b60b95 100644
--- a/.github/actions/setup-codeql-environment/action.yml
+++ b/.github/actions/setup-codeql-environment/action.yml
@@ -10,10 +10,23 @@ inputs:
     description: 'Whether to install language-specific runtimes and build tools'
     required: false
     default: 'true'
+  enable-cache:
+    description: "Whether to restore/save caches (gh-codeql, language runtimes, package managers). MUST be set to 'false' for release-generating workflows to avoid cache-poisoning attacks where a feature-branch contributor can populate the cache that a release job later restores."
+    required: false
+    default: 'true'
 
   # Language selection (only used if install-language-runtimes is true)
   languages:
-    description: 'Comma-separated list of target programming languages for which dependencies should be installed'
+    description: |
+      Comma-separated list of target programming languages for which
+      dependencies should be installed. The default list intentionally does
+      NOT include 'rust' because the Rust toolchain (rustc + cargo + rust-src)
+      is a several-hundred-megabyte download and is only needed for
+      Rust-specific CodeQL extraction (e.g. macro expansion in PrintAST /
+      PrintCFG tests). Callers that need Rust support MUST pass an explicit
+      `languages:` override that includes 'rust' (for example
+      `languages: 'rust'` from a per-language matrix entry, or
+      `languages: 'java,rust'` for a multi-language job).
     required: false
     default: 'csharp,go,java,javascript,python,ruby'
 
@@ -38,6 +51,15 @@ inputs:
     description: 'Ruby version to install'
     required: false
     default: '3.2'
+  rust-version:
+    description: |
+      Rust toolchain version to install. Only takes effect when the
+      `languages` input explicitly includes 'rust' (Rust is NOT installed by
+      default — see the `languages` input documentation). A specific version
+      (e.g. 1.80.0) is recommended so that the Rust extractor produces
+      deterministic macro expansions across local and CI runs.
+    required: false
+    default: '1.80.0'
 
 outputs:
   codeql-home:
@@ -81,7 +103,7 @@ runs:
 
     - name: Cache `gh-codeql` extension and CodeQL packages (Unix)
       id: cache-codeql-unix
-      if: runner.os != 'Windows'
+      if: runner.os != 'Windows' && inputs.enable-cache == 'true'
       uses: actions/cache@668228422ae6a00e4ad889ee87cd7109ec5666a7 # v5
       with:
         path: |
@@ -93,7 +115,7 @@ runs:
 
     - name: Cache `gh-codeql` extension and CodeQL packages (Windows)
       id: cache-codeql-windows
-      if: runner.os == 'Windows'
+      if: runner.os == 'Windows' && inputs.enable-cache == 'true'
       uses: actions/cache@668228422ae6a00e4ad889ee87cd7109ec5666a7 # v5
       with:
         path: |
@@ -318,18 +340,24 @@ runs:
           echo "No .NET dependency files found"
         fi
 
-    - name: Setup Node.js
-      if: inputs.install-language-runtimes == 'true'
+    - name: Setup Node.js (with cache)
+      if: inputs.install-language-runtimes == 'true' && inputs.enable-cache == 'true'
       uses: actions/setup-node@53b83947a5a98c8d113130e565377fae1a50d02f # v6
       with:
         cache: 'npm'
         cache-dependency-path: 'package-lock.json'
         node-version-file: '.node-version'
 
+    - name: Setup Node.js (without cache)
+      if: inputs.install-language-runtimes == 'true' && inputs.enable-cache != 'true'
+      uses: actions/setup-node@53b83947a5a98c8d113130e565377fae1a50d02f # v6
+      with:
+        node-version-file: '.node-version'
+
     # Cache language runtimes to avoid repeated downloads (excluding .NET which is cached separately)
     - name: Cache language runtimes
       id: cache-runtimes
-      if: inputs.install-language-runtimes == 'true'
+      if: inputs.install-language-runtimes == 'true' && inputs.enable-cache == 'true'
       uses: actions/cache@668228422ae6a00e4ad889ee87cd7109ec5666a7 # v5
       with:
         path: |
@@ -343,20 +371,20 @@ runs:
           language-runtimes-${{ runner.os }}-
 
     - name: Setup Python (with cache)
-      if: inputs.install-language-runtimes == 'true' && contains(inputs.languages, 'python') && steps.check-deps.outputs.python-deps == 'true'
+      if: inputs.install-language-runtimes == 'true' && contains(format(',{0},', inputs.languages), ',python,') && steps.check-deps.outputs.python-deps == 'true' && inputs.enable-cache == 'true'
       uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6
       with:
         python-version: ${{ inputs.python-version }}
         cache: 'pip'
 
     - name: Setup Python (without cache)
-      if: inputs.install-language-runtimes == 'true' && contains(inputs.languages, 'python') && steps.check-deps.outputs.python-deps == 'false'
+      if: inputs.install-language-runtimes == 'true' && contains(format(',{0},', inputs.languages), ',python,') && (steps.check-deps.outputs.python-deps == 'false' || inputs.enable-cache != 'true')
       uses: actions/setup-python@a309ff8b426b58ec0e2a45f0f869d46889d02405 # v6
       with:
         python-version: ${{ inputs.python-version }}
 
     - name: Setup Java (with cache)
-      if: inputs.install-language-runtimes == 'true' && contains(inputs.languages, 'java') && steps.check-deps.outputs.java-deps == 'true'
+      if: inputs.install-language-runtimes == 'true' && contains(format(',{0},', inputs.languages), ',java,') && steps.check-deps.outputs.java-deps == 'true' && inputs.enable-cache == 'true'
       uses: actions/setup-java@be666c2fcd27ec809703dec50e508c2fdc7f6654 # v5
       with:
         distribution: 'temurin'
@@ -364,21 +392,21 @@ runs:
         cache: 'maven'
 
     - name: Setup Java (without cache)
-      if: inputs.install-language-runtimes == 'true' && contains(inputs.languages, 'java') && steps.check-deps.outputs.java-deps == 'false'
+      if: inputs.install-language-runtimes == 'true' && contains(format(',{0},', inputs.languages), ',java,') && (steps.check-deps.outputs.java-deps == 'false' || inputs.enable-cache != 'true')
       uses: actions/setup-java@be666c2fcd27ec809703dec50e508c2fdc7f6654 # v5
       with:
         distribution: 'temurin'
         java-version: ${{ inputs.java-version }}
 
     - name: Setup Go (with cache)
-      if: inputs.install-language-runtimes == 'true' && contains(inputs.languages, 'go') && steps.check-deps.outputs.go-deps == 'true'
+      if: inputs.install-language-runtimes == 'true' && contains(format(',{0},', inputs.languages), ',go,') && steps.check-deps.outputs.go-deps == 'true' && inputs.enable-cache == 'true'
       uses: actions/setup-go@4b73464bb391d4059bd26b0524d20df3927bd417 # v6
       with:
         go-version: ${{ inputs.go-version }}
         cache: true
 
     - name: Setup Go (without cache)
-      if: inputs.install-language-runtimes == 'true' && contains(inputs.languages, 'go') && steps.check-deps.outputs.go-deps == 'false'
+      if: inputs.install-language-runtimes == 'true' && contains(format(',{0},', inputs.languages), ',go,') && (steps.check-deps.outputs.go-deps == 'false' || inputs.enable-cache != 'true')
       uses: actions/setup-go@4b73464bb391d4059bd26b0524d20df3927bd417 # v6
       with:
         go-version: ${{ inputs.go-version }}
@@ -386,7 +414,7 @@ runs:
 
     # Cache .NET packages and tools
     - name: Cache .NET packages
-      if: inputs.install-language-runtimes == 'true' && contains(inputs.languages, 'csharp')
+      if: inputs.install-language-runtimes == 'true' && contains(format(',{0},', inputs.languages), ',csharp,') && inputs.enable-cache == 'true'
       id: cache-dotnet-packages
       uses: actions/cache@668228422ae6a00e4ad889ee87cd7109ec5666a7 # v5
       with:
@@ -399,55 +427,98 @@ runs:
           dotnet-packages-${{ runner.os }}-
 
     - name: Setup .NET (for C#)
-      if: inputs.install-language-runtimes == 'true' && contains(inputs.languages, 'csharp')
+      if: inputs.install-language-runtimes == 'true' && contains(format(',{0},', inputs.languages), ',csharp,')
       uses: actions/setup-dotnet@c2fa09f4bde5ebb9d1777cf28262a3eb3db3ced7 # v5
       with:
         dotnet-version: ${{ inputs.dotnet-version }}
 
     - name: Setup Ruby (with cache)
-      if: inputs.install-language-runtimes == 'true' && contains(inputs.languages, 'ruby') && steps.check-deps.outputs.ruby-deps == 'true'
+      if: inputs.install-language-runtimes == 'true' && contains(format(',{0},', inputs.languages), ',ruby,') && steps.check-deps.outputs.ruby-deps == 'true' && inputs.enable-cache == 'true'
       uses: ruby/setup-ruby@4dc28cf14d77b0afa6832d9765ac422dbf0dfedd # v1
       with:
         ruby-version: ${{ inputs.ruby-version }}
         bundler-cache: true
 
     - name: Setup Ruby (without cache)
-      if: inputs.install-language-runtimes == 'true' && contains(inputs.languages, 'ruby') && steps.check-deps.outputs.ruby-deps == 'false'
+      if: inputs.install-language-runtimes == 'true' && contains(format(',{0},', inputs.languages), ',ruby,') && (steps.check-deps.outputs.ruby-deps == 'false' || inputs.enable-cache != 'true')
       uses: ruby/setup-ruby@4dc28cf14d77b0afa6832d9765ac422dbf0dfedd # v1
       with:
         ruby-version: ${{ inputs.ruby-version }}
         bundler-cache: false
 
+    # Cache Rust toolchain components and cargo registry. The CodeQL rust
+    # extractor invokes cargo/rustc to resolve std-library macro expansions
+    # (format!, println!, vec!, ...). Without a working toolchain, the
+    # extractor produces partial AST nodes with no getMacroCallExpansion()
+    # subtrees, which breaks PrintAST/PrintCFG tests.
+    #
+    # NOTE: 'rust' is NOT part of the default `languages` value. The Rust
+    # toolchain is only installed when a caller passes an explicit
+    # `languages:` override that includes 'rust' (e.g. from a per-language
+    # matrix entry). See the `languages` input documentation above.
+    - name: Cache Rust toolchain and cargo registry
+      if: inputs.install-language-runtimes == 'true' && contains(format(',{0},', inputs.languages), ',rust,') && inputs.enable-cache == 'true'
+      id: cache-rust
+      uses: actions/cache@668228422ae6a00e4ad889ee87cd7109ec5666a7 # v5
+      with:
+        path: |
+          ~/.cargo/bin
+          ~/.cargo/registry/index
+          ~/.cargo/registry/cache
+          ~/.cargo/git/db
+          ~/.rustup
+        key: rust-${{ runner.os }}-${{ inputs.rust-version }}-${{ hashFiles('**/Cargo.lock') }}
+        restore-keys: |
+          rust-${{ runner.os }}-${{ inputs.rust-version }}-
+
+    - name: Setup Rust toolchain
+      if: inputs.install-language-runtimes == 'true' && contains(format(',{0},', inputs.languages), ',rust,')
+      uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@29eef336d9b2848a0b548edc03f92a220660cdb8
+      with:
+        toolchain: ${{ inputs.rust-version }}
+        components: rust-src
+
     - name: Verify language-specific tools
       if: inputs.install-language-runtimes == 'true' && inputs.languages != ''
       shell: bash
+      env:
+        LANGUAGES: ${{ inputs.languages }}
       run: |
         echo "=== Language-specific tool verification ==="
 
-        if [[ "${{ inputs.languages }}" == *"javascript"* ]] || [[ "${{ inputs.languages }}" == *"typescript"* ]]; then
+        # Wrap the comma-separated list in commas so glob patterns can match
+        # whole tokens (',java,' vs ',javascript,') instead of substrings.
+        _LANGS=",${LANGUAGES},"
+
+        if [[ "${_LANGS}" == *",javascript,"* ]] || [[ "${_LANGS}" == *",typescript,"* ]]; then
           echo "Node.js version: $(node --version)"
           echo "npm version: $(npm --version)"
         fi
 
-        if [[ "${{ inputs.languages }}" == *"python"* ]]; then
+        if [[ "${_LANGS}" == *",python,"* ]]; then
           echo "Python version: $(python --version)"
           echo "pip version: $(pip --version)"
         fi
 
-        if [[ "${{ inputs.languages }}" == *"java"* ]]; then
+        if [[ "${_LANGS}" == *",java,"* ]]; then
           echo "Java version: $(java -version 2>&1 | head -1)"
         fi
 
-        if [[ "${{ inputs.languages }}" == *"go"* ]]; then
+        if [[ "${_LANGS}" == *",go,"* ]]; then
           echo "Go version: $(go version)"
         fi
 
-        if [[ "${{ inputs.languages }}" == *"csharp"* ]]; then
+        if [[ "${_LANGS}" == *",csharp,"* ]]; then
           echo "dotnet version: $(dotnet --version)"
         fi
 
-        if [[ "${{ inputs.languages }}" == *"ruby"* ]]; then
+        if [[ "${_LANGS}" == *",ruby,"* ]]; then
           echo "Ruby version: $(ruby --version)"
         fi
 
+        if [[ "${_LANGS}" == *",rust,"* ]]; then
+          echo "Rust version: $(rustc --version 2>/dev/null || echo 'rustc not found')"
+          echo "Cargo version: $(cargo --version 2>/dev/null || echo 'cargo not found')"
+        fi
+
         echo "================================="
diff --git a/.github/workflows/query-unit-tests.yml b/.github/workflows/query-unit-tests.yml
index c3f8f215..68b76f2a 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/query-unit-tests.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/query-unit-tests.yml
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ permissions:
 jobs:
   query-unit-tests:
     name: Query Unit Tests - ${{ matrix.language }}
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
 
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup-codeql-environment
         with:
           install-language-runtimes: true
+          languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
 
       ## Install packs used in the unit tests that we're about to run.
       - name: Query Unit Tests - ${{ matrix.language }} - Install CodeQL packs used in unit tests
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release-codeql.yml b/.github/workflows/release-codeql.yml
index ae394a38..3d1e50ff 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/release-codeql.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-codeql.yml
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ on:
         required: false
         type: boolean
       version:
-        description: 'Release version tag (e.g., vX.Y.Z). Must start with "v".'
+        description: 'Release version tag (e.g., vX.Y.Z or vX.Y.Z-PRERELEASE). Must match ^vMAJOR.MINOR.PATCH(-PRERELEASE)?$ where PRERELEASE may contain alphanumerics, dots, and hyphens.'
         required: true
         type: string
     outputs:
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ permissions:
 jobs:
   publish-codeql-packs:
     name: Publish and Bundle CodeQL Packs
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
 
     environment: release-codeql
 
@@ -47,25 +47,32 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: CodeQL - Validate and parse version
         id: version
+        env:
+          RAW_VERSION: ${{ inputs.version }}
         run: |
-          VERSION="${{ inputs.version }}"
-          if [[ ! "${VERSION}" =~ ^v ]]; then
-            echo "::error::Version '${VERSION}' must start with 'v'"
+          if [[ ! "${RAW_VERSION}" =~ ^v[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+(-[A-Za-z0-9.-]+)?$ ]]; then
+            echo "::error::Version '${RAW_VERSION}' does not match ^vMAJOR.MINOR.PATCH(-PRERELEASE)?$"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          if ! git check-ref-format "refs/tags/${RAW_VERSION}" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+            echo "::error::Version '${RAW_VERSION}' is not a valid git tag ref name"
             exit 1
           fi
-          echo "version=${VERSION}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          echo "release_name=${VERSION#v}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "version=${RAW_VERSION}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          echo "release_name=${RAW_VERSION#v}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
 
       - name: CodeQL - Checkout tag
         uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6
         with:
           ref: refs/tags/${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}
+          persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: CodeQL - Setup CodeQL environment
         uses: ./.github/actions/setup-codeql-environment
         with:
           add-to-path: true
           install-language-runtimes: false
+          enable-cache: false
 
       - name: CodeQL - Install CodeQL pack dependencies
         run: server/scripts/install-packs.sh
@@ -84,11 +91,12 @@ jobs:
           RELEASE_NAME="${{ steps.version.outputs.release_name }}"
           LANGUAGES="actions cpp csharp go java javascript python ruby rust swift"
 
-          # Prerelease versions (containing a hyphen) require --allow-prerelease
-          PRERELEASE_FLAG=""
+          # Prerelease versions (containing a hyphen) require --allow-prerelease.
+          # Use an array to avoid word-splitting / quoting hazards.
+          PUBLISH_ARGS=(--threads=-1)
           if [[ "${RELEASE_NAME}" == *-* ]]; then
-            PRERELEASE_FLAG="--allow-prerelease"
-            echo "Detected prerelease version — using ${PRERELEASE_FLAG}"
+            PUBLISH_ARGS+=(--allow-prerelease)
+            echo "Detected prerelease version — using --allow-prerelease"
           fi
 
           echo "Publishing CodeQL tool query packs..."
@@ -96,7 +104,7 @@ jobs:
             PACK_DIR="server/ql/${lang}/tools/src"
             if [ -d "${PACK_DIR}" ]; then
               echo "📦 Publishing ${PACK_DIR}..."
-              codeql pack publish --threads=-1 ${PRERELEASE_FLAG} -- "${PACK_DIR}"
+              codeql pack publish "${PUBLISH_ARGS[@]}" -- "${PACK_DIR}"
               echo "✅ Published ${lang} tool query pack"
             else
               echo "⚠️ Skipping ${lang}: ${PACK_DIR} not found"
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release-npm.yml b/.github/workflows/release-npm.yml
index 1bb005af..2f3ae591 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/release-npm.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-npm.yml
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ on:
   workflow_call:
     inputs:
       version:
-        description: 'Release version tag (e.g., vX.Y.Z). Must start with "v".'
+        description: 'Release version tag (e.g., vX.Y.Z or vX.Y.Z-PRERELEASE). Must match ^vMAJOR.MINOR.PATCH(-PRERELEASE)?$ where PRERELEASE may contain alphanumerics, dots, and hyphens.'
         required: true
         type: string
     outputs:
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ permissions:
 jobs:
   publish-npm:
     name: Publish npm Package
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
 
     environment: release-npm
 
@@ -44,24 +44,29 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: npm - Validate and parse version
         id: version
+        env:
+          RAW_VERSION: ${{ inputs.version }}
         run: |
-          VERSION="${{ inputs.version }}"
-          if [[ ! "${VERSION}" =~ ^v ]]; then
-            echo "::error::Version '${VERSION}' must start with 'v'"
+          if [[ ! "${RAW_VERSION}" =~ ^v[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+(-[A-Za-z0-9.-]+)?$ ]]; then
+            echo "::error::Version '${RAW_VERSION}' does not match ^vMAJOR.MINOR.PATCH(-PRERELEASE)?$"
             exit 1
           fi
-          echo "version=${VERSION}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          echo "release_name=${VERSION#v}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          if ! git check-ref-format "refs/tags/${RAW_VERSION}" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+            echo "::error::Version '${RAW_VERSION}' is not a valid git tag ref name"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          echo "version=${RAW_VERSION}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          echo "release_name=${RAW_VERSION#v}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
 
       - name: npm - Checkout tag
         uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6
         with:
           ref: refs/tags/${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}
+          persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: npm - Setup Node.js
         uses: actions/setup-node@48b55a011bda9f5d6aeb4c2d9c7362e8dae4041e # v6
         with:
-          cache: 'npm'
           node-version-file: '.node-version'
           registry-url: 'https://registry.npmjs.org'
 
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release-tag.yml b/.github/workflows/release-tag.yml
index 9f8a2aca..dab543db 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/release-tag.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-tag.yml
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ on:
   workflow_call:
     inputs:
       version:
-        description: 'Release version (e.g., vX.Y.Z). Must start with "v".'
+        description: 'Release version (e.g., vX.Y.Z or vX.Y.Z-PRERELEASE). Must match ^vMAJOR.MINOR.PATCH(-PRERELEASE)?$ where PRERELEASE may contain alphanumerics, dots, and hyphens.'
         required: true
         type: string
     outputs:
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ permissions:
 jobs:
   create-tag:
     name: Create Version Tag
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
 
     environment: release-tag
 
@@ -49,15 +49,19 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Tag - Validate and parse version
         id: version
+        env:
+          RAW_VERSION: ${{ inputs.version }}
         run: |
-          VERSION="${{ inputs.version }}"
-          # Validate version starts with 'v'
-          if [[ ! "${VERSION}" =~ ^v ]]; then
-            echo "::error::Version '${VERSION}' must start with 'v'"
+          if [[ ! "${RAW_VERSION}" =~ ^v[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+(-[A-Za-z0-9.-]+)?$ ]]; then
+            echo "::error::Version '${RAW_VERSION}' does not match ^vMAJOR.MINOR.PATCH(-PRERELEASE)?$"
             exit 1
           fi
-          echo "version=${VERSION}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          echo "release_name=${VERSION#v}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          if ! git check-ref-format "refs/tags/${RAW_VERSION}" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+            echo "::error::Version '${RAW_VERSION}' is not a valid git tag ref name"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          echo "version=${RAW_VERSION}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          echo "release_name=${RAW_VERSION#v}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
 
       - name: Tag - Check if tag already exists
         id: check-tag
@@ -95,12 +99,12 @@ jobs:
         with:
           add-to-path: true
           install-language-runtimes: false
+          enable-cache: false
 
       - name: Tag - Setup Node.js
         if: steps.check-tag.outputs.tag_exists != 'true'
         uses: actions/setup-node@48b55a011bda9f5d6aeb4c2d9c7362e8dae4041e # v6
         with:
-          cache: 'npm'
           node-version-file: '.node-version'
 
       - name: Tag - Update release version
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release-vsix.yml b/.github/workflows/release-vsix.yml
index 52f4178e..ac46128b 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/release-vsix.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-vsix.yml
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ on:
   workflow_call:
     inputs:
       version:
-        description: 'Release version tag (e.g., vX.Y.Z). Must start with "v".'
+        description: 'Release version tag (e.g., vX.Y.Z or vX.Y.Z-PRERELEASE). Must match ^vMAJOR.MINOR.PATCH(-PRERELEASE)?$ where PRERELEASE may contain alphanumerics, dots, and hyphens.'
         required: true
         type: string
     outputs:
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ permissions:
 jobs:
   publish-vsix:
     name: Build and Package VSIX Extension
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
 
     environment: release-vsix
 
@@ -45,24 +45,29 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: VSIX - Validate and parse version
         id: version
+        env:
+          RAW_VERSION: ${{ inputs.version }}
         run: |
-          VERSION="${{ inputs.version }}"
-          if [[ ! "${VERSION}" =~ ^v ]]; then
-            echo "::error::Version '${VERSION}' must start with 'v'"
+          if [[ ! "${RAW_VERSION}" =~ ^v[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+(-[A-Za-z0-9.-]+)?$ ]]; then
+            echo "::error::Version '${RAW_VERSION}' does not match ^vMAJOR.MINOR.PATCH(-PRERELEASE)?$"
             exit 1
           fi
-          echo "version=${VERSION}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          echo "release_name=${VERSION#v}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          if ! git check-ref-format "refs/tags/${RAW_VERSION}" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+            echo "::error::Version '${RAW_VERSION}' is not a valid git tag ref name"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          echo "version=${RAW_VERSION}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          echo "release_name=${RAW_VERSION#v}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
 
       - name: VSIX - Checkout tag
         uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6
         with:
           ref: refs/tags/${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}
+          persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: VSIX - Setup Node.js
         uses: actions/setup-node@48b55a011bda9f5d6aeb4c2d9c7362e8dae4041e # v6
         with:
-          cache: 'npm'
           node-version-file: '.node-version'
 
       - name: VSIX - Install dependencies
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release.yml b/.github/workflows/release.yml
index f89c5d74..74eac45a 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/release.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release.yml
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ on:
         required: false
         type: boolean
       version:
-        description: 'Release version (e.g., vX.Y.Z). Must start with "v".'
+        description: 'Release version (e.g., vX.Y.Z or vX.Y.Z-PRERELEASE). Must match ^vMAJOR.MINOR.PATCH(-PRERELEASE)?$ where PRERELEASE may contain alphanumerics, dots, and hyphens.'
         required: true
         type: string
 
@@ -31,7 +31,10 @@ permissions:
 
 concurrency:
   group: release-${{ github.event.inputs.version || github.ref_name }}
-  cancel-in-progress: true
+  # A mid-flight release that publishes to npm and GHCR but never tags (or
+  # vice versa) leaves the ecosystem in an inconsistent state. Releases must
+  # not be cancellable by a newer dispatch of the same version.
+  cancel-in-progress: false
 
 jobs:
   # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
@@ -43,7 +46,7 @@ jobs:
   # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
   resolve-version:
     name: Resolve Release Version
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
 
     outputs:
       create_github_release: ${{ steps.resolve.outputs.create_github_release }}
@@ -55,35 +58,48 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: Version - Resolve and validate
         id: resolve
+        env:
+          DISPATCH_VERSION: ${{ github.event.inputs.version }}
+          REF_NAME: ${{ github.ref_name }}
+          EVENT_NAME: ${{ github.event_name }}
+          CREATE_RELEASE_INPUT: ${{ github.event.inputs.create_github_release }}
+          PUBLISH_PACKS_INPUT: ${{ github.event.inputs.publish_codeql_packs }}
+          PUBLISH_NPM_INPUT: ${{ github.event.inputs.publish_npm }}
         run: |
-          if [ "${{ github.event_name }}" == "workflow_dispatch" ]; then
-            VERSION="${{ github.event.inputs.version }}"
+          if [ "${EVENT_NAME}" == "workflow_dispatch" ]; then
+            VERSION="${DISPATCH_VERSION}"
           else
-            VERSION="${{ github.ref_name }}"
+            VERSION="${REF_NAME}"
           fi
 
-          # Validate version starts with 'v'
-          if [[ ! "${VERSION}" =~ ^v ]]; then
-            echo "::error::Version '${VERSION}' must start with 'v'"
+          # Validate the resolved version: strict regex first, then
+          # git check-ref-format so values like 'v1.2.3-..' (regex-valid but
+          # rejected by git) are caught here instead of in actions/checkout.
+          if [[ ! "${VERSION}" =~ ^v[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+(-[A-Za-z0-9.-]+)?$ ]]; then
+            echo "::error::Version '${VERSION}' does not match ^vMAJOR.MINOR.PATCH(-PRERELEASE)?$"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          if ! git check-ref-format "refs/tags/${VERSION}" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+            echo "::error::Version '${VERSION}' is not a valid git tag ref name"
             exit 1
           fi
 
           # Resolve publish flags (default true for tag pushes)
-          if [ "${{ github.event_name }}" == "workflow_dispatch" ]; then
-            CREATE_RELEASE="${{ github.event.inputs.create_github_release }}"
-            PUBLISH_PACKS="${{ github.event.inputs.publish_codeql_packs }}"
-            PUBLISH_NPM="${{ github.event.inputs.publish_npm }}"
+          if [ "${EVENT_NAME}" == "workflow_dispatch" ]; then
+            CREATE_RELEASE="${CREATE_RELEASE_INPUT}"
+            PUBLISH_PACKS="${PUBLISH_PACKS_INPUT}"
+            PUBLISH_NPM="${PUBLISH_NPM_INPUT}"
           else
             CREATE_RELEASE="true"
             PUBLISH_PACKS="true"
             PUBLISH_NPM="true"
           fi
 
-          echo "version=${VERSION}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          echo "release_name=${VERSION#v}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          echo "create_github_release=${CREATE_RELEASE}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          echo "publish_codeql_packs=${PUBLISH_PACKS}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          echo "publish_npm=${PUBLISH_NPM}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "version=${VERSION}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          echo "release_name=${VERSION#v}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          echo "create_github_release=${CREATE_RELEASE}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          echo "publish_codeql_packs=${PUBLISH_PACKS}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          echo "publish_npm=${PUBLISH_NPM}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
 
   # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
   # Step 2: Ensure the release tag exists
@@ -174,7 +190,7 @@ jobs:
       && needs.resolve-version.outputs.create_github_release == 'true'
       && needs.resolve-version.outputs.publish_npm == 'true'
     needs: [resolve-version, ensure-tag, publish-npm, publish-codeql, build-vsix]
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
 
     permissions:
       contents: write
diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index ebf1b518..63d427ea 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -14,6 +14,35 @@ release cadence.
 
 _Changes on `main` since the latest tagged release that have not yet been included in a stable release._
 
+### Highlights
+
+- **Second supply-chain hardening pass for release workflows** — The `release.yml`, `release-tag.yml`, `release-npm.yml`, `release-vsix.yml`, and `release-codeql.yml` workflows are now resistant to cache-poisoning attacks: the shared `setup-codeql-environment` composite action exposes a new `enable-cache` input (set to `false` for every release-generating job), every inline `cache: 'npm'` was dropped, runners are pinned to `ubuntu-24.04`, `cancel-in-progress` is `false` on the parent release workflow, version inputs are validated against the strict regex `^vMAJOR.MINOR.PATCH(-PRERELEASE)?$` via `env:` intermediaries, and non-pushing checkouts use `persist-credentials: false`. ([#279](https://github.com/advanced-security/codeql-development-mcp-server/pull/279))
+- **First-class Rust toolchain support in CI** — `setup-codeql-environment` now installs a pinned Rust toolchain (default `1.80.0`, via a pinned `dtolnay/rust-toolchain` action with `rust-src`) for any matrix entry that includes `rust`, so the CodeQL rust extractor can expand `format!` / `println!` / `vec!` macros against the standard library on Linux runners. The `query-unit-tests.yml` workflow now passes `languages: ${{ matrix.language }}` so each matrix entry only installs its own runtime. ([#279](https://github.com/advanced-security/codeql-development-mcp-server/pull/279))
+
+### Security
+
+- **Hardened release workflows against cache poisoning.** All four reusable release workflows (`release-tag.yml`, `release-npm.yml`, `release-vsix.yml`, `release-codeql.yml`) and the orchestrating `release.yml` now opt out of every `actions/cache`, `setup-node` npm cache, `setup-go` cache, `setup-java` Maven cache, `setup-python` pip cache, `setup-ruby` bundler cache, and `actions/cache` for `.nuget`/`~/.rustup`, so a feature-branch contributor can no longer prime a cache entry that a release job would later restore. The `cancel-in-progress: false` change ensures a release cannot be cancelled mid-publish, preventing inconsistent npm/GHCR/tag state. Non-pushing checkouts now use `persist-credentials: false` to limit accidental token reuse, and the `release-codeql.yml` `codeql pack publish` invocation now uses a bash array to avoid word-splitting on the `--allow-prerelease` flag. ([#279](https://github.com/advanced-security/codeql-development-mcp-server/pull/279))
+
+### Changed
+
+#### Infrastructure & CI/CD
+
+- The `setup-codeql-environment` composite action gained an `enable-cache` input (default `true`) that gates every cache-related step it owns (gh-codeql, language-runtimes, .NET packages) and every `cache:` feature it passes to `actions/setup-*`. Release workflows now pass `enable-cache: false`. ([#279](https://github.com/advanced-security/codeql-development-mcp-server/pull/279))
+- The `setup-codeql-environment` composite action now sets up Rust (default `1.80.0`, configurable via `rust-version`) when `rust` is in the `languages` input, including a dedicated cache for `~/.cargo`/`~/.rustup` and a Cargo dependency-file detector. **Rust is opt-in only** — it is intentionally NOT included in the default `languages` value (`csharp,go,java,javascript,python,ruby`) because the Rust toolchain (rustc + cargo + rust-src) is a several-hundred-megabyte download. Callers that need Rust support must pass an explicit `languages:` override that includes `rust` (e.g. `languages: ${{ matrix.language }}` from a per-language matrix entry). ([#279](https://github.com/advanced-security/codeql-development-mcp-server/pull/279))
+- The `setup-codeql-environment` composite action now matches the `languages` input with comma-bounded tokens (`contains(format(',{0},', inputs.languages), ',java,')`) instead of bare substring `contains()`. This fixes a latent bug where the JavaScript matrix entry triggered the Java setup steps because `contains('javascript', 'java')` was true. ([#279](https://github.com/advanced-security/codeql-development-mcp-server/pull/279))
+- `query-unit-tests.yml` matrix entries now pass `languages: ${{ matrix.language }}` to the composite action so each language matrix entry installs only its own runtime instead of the full default set, and `runs-on` is pinned to `ubuntu-24.04`. ([#279](https://github.com/advanced-security/codeql-development-mcp-server/pull/279))
+- All release workflow `version` inputs (in `release.yml`, `release-tag.yml`, `release-npm.yml`, `release-vsix.yml`, `release-codeql.yml`) now document the actual accepted format (`^vMAJOR.MINOR.PATCH(-PRERELEASE)?$` where `PRERELEASE` may contain alphanumerics, dots, and hyphens) and are validated against that regex via an `env:` intermediate variable. Validation also runs `git check-ref-format "refs/tags/${VERSION}"` so values that pass the regex but are rejected by git as a tag ref (e.g. `v1.2.3-..`, `v1.2.3-foo.`, `v1.2.3-foo.lock`, `v1.2.3-a..b`) are caught up front instead of failing later in `actions/checkout`. ([#279](https://github.com/advanced-security/codeql-development-mcp-server/pull/279))
+
+### Fixed
+
+- **Rust `PrintAST` and `PrintCFG` unit tests failed on CI.** Two distinct root causes: (1) CI had no Rust toolchain installed, so the extractor could not expand `format!`/`println!`/`vec!` and the entire `getMacroCallExpansion()` subtrees were missing from `PrintAST` output; (2) the legacy rust test extractor produces non-deterministic CFG entity ordering under parallel evaluation, which made the `PrintCFG` snapshot test flaky (5 distinct outputs across 5 runs with `--threads=-1`, identical output across every run with `--threads=1`). Fixes: install Rust in CI via the composite action; regenerate the rust `PrintAST.expected` baseline; and force `--threads=1` for the rust language entry in `run-query-unit-tests.sh` so `PrintCFG` produces deterministic output. ([#279](https://github.com/advanced-security/codeql-development-mcp-server/pull/279))
+- **`run-query-unit-tests.sh` broke the Swift macOS workflow with `unbound variable`.** Bash 3.2 (the default `/bin/bash` on macOS GitHub Actions runners) errors when expanding an empty array under `set -u`. Replaced the `local _threads_arg=()` array with a plain scalar string and unquoted expansion so the script is portable across Bash 3.2 and 4+. ([#279](https://github.com/advanced-security/codeql-development-mcp-server/pull/279))
+
+### Dependencies
+
+- Bumped `actions/dependency-review-action` from 4.9.0 to 5.0.0. ([#278](https://github.com/advanced-security/codeql-development-mcp-server/pull/278))
+- Added `dtolnay/rust-toolchain` (pinned to the `stable` branch commit SHA `29eef336d9b2848a0b548edc03f92a220660cdb8`) as a new dependency of `setup-codeql-environment` for the rust language. ([#279](https://github.com/advanced-security/codeql-development-mcp-server/pull/279))
+
 ## [v2.25.4] — 2026-05-08
 
 ### Highlights
diff --git a/server/ql/rust/tools/test/PrintAST/PrintAST.expected b/server/ql/rust/tools/test/PrintAST/PrintAST.expected
index 0c222136..776e89d1 100644
--- a/server/ql/rust/tools/test/PrintAST/PrintAST.expected
+++ b/server/ql/rust/tools/test/PrintAST/PrintAST.expected
@@ -58,54 +58,49 @@ Example1.rs:
 #   15|                 getTokenTree(): [TokenTree] TokenTree
 #   15|                 getMacroCallExpansion(): [BlockExpr] { ... }
 #   15|                   getStmtList(): [StmtList] StmtList
-#   15|                     getTailExpr(): [CallExpr] ...::must_use(...)
-#   15|                       getArgList(): [ArgList] ArgList
-#   15|                         getArg(0): [BlockExpr] { ... }
-#   15|                           getStmtList(): [StmtList] StmtList
-#   15|                             getTailExpr(): [CallExpr] ...::format(...)
-#   15|                               getArgList(): [ArgList] ArgList
-#   15|                                 getArg(0): [MacroExpr] MacroExpr
-#   15|                                   getMacroCall(): [MacroCall] ...::format_args!...
-#   15|                                     getPath(): [Path] ...::format_args
-#   15|                                       getQualifier(): [Path] ...::__export
-#   15|                                         getQualifier(): [Path] $crate
-#   15|                                           getSegment(): [PathSegment] $crate
-#   15|                                             getIdentifier(): [NameRef] $crate
-#   15|                                         getSegment(): [PathSegment] __export
-#   15|                                           getIdentifier(): [NameRef] __export
-#   15|                                       getSegment(): [PathSegment] format_args
-#   15|                                         getIdentifier(): [NameRef] format_args
-#   15|                                     getTokenTree(): [TokenTree] TokenTree
-#   15|                                     getMacroCallExpansion(): [FormatArgsExpr] FormatArgsExpr
-#   15|                                       getArg(0): [FormatArgsArg] FormatArgsArg
-#   15|                                         getExpr(): [FieldExpr] self.name
-#   15|                                           getContainer(): [VariableAccess] self
-#   15|                                             getPath(): [Path] self
-#   15|                                               getSegment(): [PathSegment] self
-#   15|                                                 getIdentifier(): [NameRef] self
-#   15|                                           getIdentifier(): [NameRef] name
-#   15|                                       getTemplate(): [StringLiteralExpr] "Hello, {}!"
-#   15|                                       getFormat(0): [Format] {}
-#   15|                               getFunction(): [PathExpr] ...::format
-#   15|                                 getPath(): [Path] ...::format
-#   15|                                   getQualifier(): [Path] ...::fmt
-#   15|                                     getQualifier(): [Path] $crate
-#   15|                                       getSegment(): [PathSegment] $crate
-#   15|                                         getIdentifier(): [NameRef] $crate
-#   15|                                     getSegment(): [PathSegment] fmt
-#   15|                                       getIdentifier(): [NameRef] fmt
-#   15|                                   getSegment(): [PathSegment] format
-#   15|                                     getIdentifier(): [NameRef] format
-#   15|                       getFunction(): [PathExpr] ...::must_use
-#   15|                         getPath(): [Path] ...::must_use
-#   15|                           getQualifier(): [Path] ...::__export
-#   15|                             getQualifier(): [Path] $crate
-#   15|                               getSegment(): [PathSegment] $crate
-#   15|                                 getIdentifier(): [NameRef] $crate
-#   15|                             getSegment(): [PathSegment] __export
-#   15|                               getIdentifier(): [NameRef] __export
-#   15|                           getSegment(): [PathSegment] must_use
-#   15|                             getIdentifier(): [NameRef] must_use
+#   15|                     getTailExpr(): [BlockExpr] { ... }
+#   15|                       getStmtList(): [StmtList] StmtList
+#   15|                         getStatement(0): [LetStmt] let ... = ...
+#   15|                           getInitializer(): [CallExpr] ...::format(...)
+#   15|                             getArgList(): [ArgList] ArgList
+#   15|                               getArg(0): [MacroExpr] MacroExpr
+#   15|                                 getMacroCall(): [MacroCall] ...::format_args!...
+#   15|                                   getPath(): [Path] ...::format_args
+#   15|                                     getQualifier(): [Path] ...::__export
+#   15|                                       getQualifier(): [Path] $crate
+#   15|                                         getSegment(): [PathSegment] $crate
+#   15|                                           getIdentifier(): [NameRef] $crate
+#   15|                                       getSegment(): [PathSegment] __export
+#   15|                                         getIdentifier(): [NameRef] __export
+#   15|                                     getSegment(): [PathSegment] format_args
+#   15|                                       getIdentifier(): [NameRef] format_args
+#   15|                                   getTokenTree(): [TokenTree] TokenTree
+#   15|                                   getMacroCallExpansion(): [FormatArgsExpr] FormatArgsExpr
+#   15|                                     getArg(0): [FormatArgsArg] FormatArgsArg
+#   15|                                       getExpr(): [FieldExpr] self.name
+#   15|                                         getContainer(): [VariableAccess] self
+#   15|                                           getPath(): [Path] self
+#   15|                                             getSegment(): [PathSegment] self
+#   15|                                               getIdentifier(): [NameRef] self
+#   15|                                         getIdentifier(): [NameRef] name
+#   15|                                     getTemplate(): [StringLiteralExpr] "Hello, {}!"
+#   15|                                     getFormat(0): [Format] {}
+#   15|                             getFunction(): [PathExpr] ...::format
+#   15|                               getPath(): [Path] ...::format
+#   15|                                 getQualifier(): [Path] ...::fmt
+#   15|                                   getQualifier(): [Path] $crate
+#   15|                                     getSegment(): [PathSegment] $crate
+#   15|                                       getIdentifier(): [NameRef] $crate
+#   15|                                   getSegment(): [PathSegment] fmt
+#   15|                                     getIdentifier(): [NameRef] fmt
+#   15|                                 getSegment(): [PathSegment] format
+#   15|                                   getIdentifier(): [NameRef] format
+#   15|                           getPat(): [IdentPat] res
+#   15|                             getName(): [Name] res
+#   15|                         getTailExpr(): [VariableAccess] res
+#   15|                           getPath(): [Path] res
+#   15|                             getSegment(): [PathSegment] res
+#   15|                               getIdentifier(): [NameRef] res
 #   14|         getName(): [Name] greet
 #   14|         getRetType(): [RetTypeRepr] RetTypeRepr
 #   14|           getTypeRepr(): [PathTypeRepr] String
@@ -145,32 +140,50 @@ Example1.rs:
 #   24|                 getSegment(): [PathSegment] vec
 #   24|                   getIdentifier(): [NameRef] vec
 #   24|               getTokenTree(): [TokenTree] TokenTree
-#   24|               getMacroCallExpansion(): [CallExpr] ...::into_vec(...)
-#   24|                 getArgList(): [ArgList] ArgList
-#   24|                   getArg(0): [CallExpr] ...::box_new(...)
-#   24|                     getArgList(): [ArgList] ArgList
-#   24|                       getArg(0): [ArrayListExpr] [...]
-#   24|                         getExpr(0): [IntegerLiteralExpr] 1
-#   24|                         getExpr(1): [IntegerLiteralExpr] 2
-#   24|                         getExpr(2): [IntegerLiteralExpr] 3
-#   24|                     getFunction(): [PathExpr] ...::box_new
-#   24|                       getPath(): [Path] ...::box_new
-#   24|                         getQualifier(): [Path] ...::boxed
-#   24|                           getQualifier(): [Path] $crate
-#   24|                             getSegment(): [PathSegment] $crate
-#   24|                               getIdentifier(): [NameRef] $crate
-#   24|                           getSegment(): [PathSegment] boxed
-#   24|                             getIdentifier(): [NameRef] boxed
-#   24|                         getSegment(): [PathSegment] box_new
-#   24|                           getIdentifier(): [NameRef] box_new
-#   24|                 getFunction(): [PathExpr] ...::into_vec
-#   24|                   getPath(): [Path] ...::into_vec
-#   24|                     getQualifier(): [Path] <...>
-#   24|                       getSegment(): [PathSegment] <...>
-#   24|                         getTypeRepr(): [SliceTypeRepr] SliceTypeRepr
-#   24|                           getTypeRepr(): [InferTypeRepr] _
-#   24|                     getSegment(): [PathSegment] into_vec
-#   24|                       getIdentifier(): [NameRef] into_vec
+#   24|               getMacroCallExpansion(): [MacroExpr] MacroExpr
+#   24|                 getMacroCall(): [MacroCall] ...::__rust_force_expr!...
+#   24|                   getPath(): [Path] ...::__rust_force_expr
+#   24|                     getQualifier(): [Path] $crate
+#   24|                       getSegment(): [PathSegment] $crate
+#   24|                         getIdentifier(): [NameRef] $crate
+#   24|                     getSegment(): [PathSegment] __rust_force_expr
+#   24|                       getIdentifier(): [NameRef] __rust_force_expr
+#   24|                   getTokenTree(): [TokenTree] TokenTree
+#   24|                   getMacroCallExpansion(): [ParenExpr] (...)
+#   24|                     getExpr(): [CallExpr] ...::into_vec(...)
+#   24|                       getArgList(): [ArgList] ArgList
+#   24|                         getArg(0): [CallExpr] ...::new(...)
+#   24|                           getArgList(): [ArgList] ArgList
+#   24|                             getArg(0): [ArrayListExpr] [...]
+#   24|                               getExpr(0): [IntegerLiteralExpr] 1
+#   24|                               getExpr(1): [IntegerLiteralExpr] 2
+#   24|                               getExpr(2): [IntegerLiteralExpr] 3
+#   24|                           getAttr(0): [Attr] Attr
+#   24|                             getMeta(): [Meta] Meta
+#   24|                               getPath(): [Path] rustc_box
+#   24|                                 getSegment(): [PathSegment] rustc_box
+#   24|                                   getIdentifier(): [NameRef] rustc_box
+#   24|                           getFunction(): [PathExpr] ...::new
+#   24|                             getPath(): [Path] ...::new
+#   24|                               getQualifier(): [Path] ...::Box
+#   24|                                 getQualifier(): [Path] ...::boxed
+#   24|                                   getQualifier(): [Path] $crate
+#   24|                                     getSegment(): [PathSegment] $crate
+#   24|                                       getIdentifier(): [NameRef] $crate
+#   24|                                   getSegment(): [PathSegment] boxed
+#   24|                                     getIdentifier(): [NameRef] boxed
+#   24|                                 getSegment(): [PathSegment] Box
+#   24|                                   getIdentifier(): [NameRef] Box
+#   24|                               getSegment(): [PathSegment] new
+#   24|                                 getIdentifier(): [NameRef] new
+#   24|                       getFunction(): [PathExpr] ...::into_vec
+#   24|                         getPath(): [Path] ...::into_vec
+#   24|                           getQualifier(): [Path] <...>
+#   24|                             getSegment(): [PathSegment] <...>
+#   24|                               getTypeRepr(): [SliceTypeRepr] SliceTypeRepr
+#   24|                                 getTypeRepr(): [InferTypeRepr] _
+#   24|                           getSegment(): [PathSegment] into_vec
+#   24|                             getIdentifier(): [NameRef] into_vec
 #   24|           getPat(): [IdentPat] numbers
 #   24|             getName(): [Name] numbers
 #   27|         getStatement(1): [ExprStmt] ExprStmt
diff --git a/server/scripts/run-query-unit-tests.sh b/server/scripts/run-query-unit-tests.sh
index ef312ca5..27739e77 100755
--- a/server/scripts/run-query-unit-tests.sh
+++ b/server/scripts/run-query-unit-tests.sh
@@ -73,15 +73,34 @@ cd "${REPO_ROOT_DIR}"
 run_tests() {
 	local _tools_dir="$1"
 	local _test_dir="${_tools_dir}/test"
-	
+
 	if [ -d "${_test_dir}" ]; then
 		echo "INFO: Running 'codeql test run' for '${_test_dir}' directory..."
-		
+
+		# Determine the thread count for this language.
+		#
+		# Rust requires --threads=1 because the legacy rust test extractor
+		# produces non-deterministic CFG entity ordering under parallel
+		# evaluation, which makes the snapshot-based PrintCFG test flaky.
+		# All other languages run in parallel using the CodeQL default.
+		#
+		# NOTE: We use a plain string (not an array) because macOS still
+		# ships Bash 3.2 as /bin/bash, and `"${arr[@]}"` on an empty array
+		# errors under `set -u` ("unbound variable"). A scalar string with
+		# unquoted expansion is portable across Bash 3.2 and 4+.
+		local _threads_arg=""
+		case "${_tools_dir}" in
+			*/rust/tools)
+				_threads_arg="--threads=1"
+				echo "INFO: Forcing --threads=1 for rust (deterministic CFG ordering)"
+				;;
+		esac
+
 		# Capture the output and exit code
 		# Explicitly set --failing-exitcode=1 to ensure we get proper exit codes
 		local _output
 		local _exit_code=0
-		_output=$(codeql test run --format=text --failing-exitcode=1 --additional-packs="${_tools_dir}" -- "${_test_dir}" 2>&1) || _exit_code=$?
+		_output=$(codeql test run ${_threads_arg} --format=text --failing-exitcode=1 --additional-packs="${_tools_dir}" -- "${_test_dir}" 2>&1) || _exit_code=$?
 		
 		# Print the output
 		echo "${_output}"