diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 8d8313ab..68038ae4 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ classifiers = [
 ]
 license = { text = "BSD-3-Clause" }
 requires-python = ">=3.10"
-dependencies = ["bidict", "pika", "setuptools", "stomp-py>=7"]
+dependencies = ["bidict", "pika", "setuptools", "stomp-py>=7", "opentelemetry-api~=1.20.0", "opentelemetry-sdk~=1.20.0", "opentelemetry-exporter-otlp-proto-http~=1.20.0" ]
 
 [project.urls]
 Download = "https://github.com/DiamondLightSource/python-workflows/releases"
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ OfflineTransport = "workflows.transport.offline_transport:OfflineTransport"
 pika = "workflows.util.zocalo.configuration:Pika"
 stomp = "workflows.util.zocalo.configuration:Stomp"
 transport = "workflows.util.zocalo.configuration:DefaultTransport"
+opentelemetry = "workflows.util.zocalo.configuration:OTEL"
 
 [project.scripts]
 "workflows.validate_recipe" = "workflows.recipe.validate:main"
diff --git a/requirements_dev.txt b/requirements_dev.txt
index 8207c45b..89483de8 100644
--- a/requirements_dev.txt
+++ b/requirements_dev.txt
@@ -6,4 +6,4 @@ pytest-cov==6.0.0
 pytest-mock==3.14.0
 pytest-timeout==2.3.1
 stomp-py==8.1.2
-websocket-client==1.8.0
+websocket-client==1.8.0
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/workflows/recipe/__init__.py b/src/workflows/recipe/__init__.py
index 0f1973f4..7bbe3ed1 100644
--- a/src/workflows/recipe/__init__.py
+++ b/src/workflows/recipe/__init__.py
@@ -3,8 +3,11 @@
 import functools
 import logging
 from collections.abc import Callable
+from contextlib import ExitStack
 from typing import Any
 
+from opentelemetry import trace
+
 from workflows.recipe.recipe import Recipe
 from workflows.recipe.validate import validate_recipe
 from workflows.recipe.wrapper import RecipeWrapper
@@ -69,10 +72,35 @@ def unwrap_recipe(header, message):
             message = mangle_for_receiving(message)
         if header.get("workflows-recipe") in {True, "True", "true", 1}:
             rw = RecipeWrapper(message=message, transport=transport_layer)
-            if log_extender and rw.environment and rw.environment.get("ID"):
-                with log_extender("recipe_ID", rw.environment["ID"]):
+
+            if log_extender and rw.environment["ID"]:
+                # Extract recipe ID from environment and add to current span
+                span = trace.get_current_span()
+                recipe_id = rw.environment["ID"]
+                span.set_attribute("recipe_id", recipe_id)
+
+                # Extract span_id and trace_id for logging
+                span_context = span.get_span_context()
+                otel_logs = None
+                if span_context.is_valid:
+                    span_id = span_context.span_id
+                    trace_id = span_context.trace_id
+
+                    otel_logs = {
+                        "span_id": span_id,
+                        "trace_id": trace_id,
+                        "recipe_id": recipe_id,
+                    }
+
+                with ExitStack() as stack:
+                    # Configure the context depending on if service is emitting spans
+                    stack.enter_context(log_extender("recipe_ID", recipe_id))
+                    if otel_logs:
+                        stack.enter_context(log_extender("otel_logs", otel_logs))
                     return callback(rw, header, message.get("payload"))
+
             return callback(rw, header, message.get("payload"))
+
         if allow_non_recipe_messages:
             return callback(None, header, message)
         #   self.log.warning('Discarding non-recipe message:\n' + \
diff --git a/src/workflows/services/common_service.py b/src/workflows/services/common_service.py
index de2ef704..9223fc3a 100644
--- a/src/workflows/services/common_service.py
+++ b/src/workflows/services/common_service.py
@@ -9,8 +9,15 @@
 import time
 from typing import Any
 
+from opentelemetry import trace
+from opentelemetry.exporter.otlp.proto.http.trace_exporter import OTLPSpanExporter
+from opentelemetry.sdk.resources import SERVICE_NAME, Resource
+from opentelemetry.sdk.trace import TracerProvider
+from opentelemetry.sdk.trace.export import BatchSpanProcessor
+
 import workflows
 import workflows.logging
+from workflows.transport.middleware.otel_tracing import OTELTracingMiddleware
 
 
 class Status(enum.Enum):
@@ -185,6 +192,40 @@ def start_transport(self):
             self.transport.subscription_callback_set_intercept(
                 self._transport_interceptor
             )
+
+            # Configure OTELTracing if configuration is available
+            otel_config = (
+                self.config._opentelemetry
+                if self.config and hasattr(self.config, "_opentelemetry")
+                else None
+            )
+            if otel_config:
+                # Configure OTELTracing
+                resource = Resource.create(
+                    {
+                        SERVICE_NAME: self._service_name,
+                    }
+                )
+
+                self.log.debug("Configuring OTELTracing")
+                provider = TracerProvider(resource=resource)
+                trace.set_tracer_provider(provider)
+
+                # Configure BatchProcessor and OTLPSpanExporter using config values
+                otlp_exporter = OTLPSpanExporter(
+                    endpoint=otel_config["endpoint"],
+                    timeout=otel_config.get("timeout", 10),
+                )
+                span_processor = BatchSpanProcessor(otlp_exporter)
+                provider.add_span_processor(span_processor)
+
+                # Add OTELTracingMiddleware to the transport layer
+                tracer = trace.get_tracer(__name__)
+                otel_middleware = OTELTracingMiddleware(
+                    tracer, service_name=self._service_name
+                )
+                self._transport.add_middleware(otel_middleware)
+
             metrics = self._environment.get("metrics")
             if metrics:
                 import prometheus_client
diff --git a/src/workflows/transport/middleware/otel_tracing.py b/src/workflows/transport/middleware/otel_tracing.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f27a5839
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/workflows/transport/middleware/otel_tracing.py
@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import functools
+from collections.abc import Callable
+
+from opentelemetry import trace
+from opentelemetry.context import Context
+from opentelemetry.propagate import extract, inject
+
+from workflows.transport.common_transport import MessageCallback, TemporarySubscription
+
+
+class OTELTracingMiddleware:
+    def __init__(self, tracer: trace.Tracer, service_name: str):
+        self.tracer = tracer
+        self.service_name = service_name
+
+    def _set_span_attributes(self, span, **attributes):
+        """Helper method to set common span attributes"""
+        span.set_attribute("service_name", self.service_name)
+        for key, value in attributes.items():
+            if value is not None:
+                span.set_attribute(key, value)
+
+    def send(self, call_next: Callable, destination: str, message, **kwargs):
+        # Get current span context (may be None if this is the root span)
+        current_span = trace.get_current_span()
+        parent_context = (
+            trace.set_span_in_context(current_span) if current_span else None
+        )
+
+        with self.tracer.start_as_current_span(
+            "transport.send",
+            context=parent_context,
+        ) as span:
+            self._set_span_attributes(span, destination=destination)
+
+            # Inject the current trace context into the message headers
+            headers = kwargs.get("headers", {})
+            if headers is None:
+                headers = {}
+            inject(headers)  # This modifies headers in-place
+            kwargs["headers"] = headers
+
+            return call_next(destination, message, **kwargs)
+
+    def subscribe(
+        self, call_next: Callable, channel: str, callback: Callable, **kwargs
+    ) -> int:
+        @functools.wraps(callback)
+        def wrapped_callback(header, message):
+            # Extract trace context from message headers
+            ctx = extract(header) if header else Context()
+
+            # Start a new span with the extracted context
+            with self.tracer.start_as_current_span(
+                "transport.subscribe",
+                context=ctx,
+            ) as span:
+                self._set_span_attributes(span, channel=channel)
+
+                # Call the original callback - this will process the message
+                # and potentially call send() which will pick up this context
+                return callback(header, message)
+
+        return call_next(channel, wrapped_callback, **kwargs)
+
+    def subscribe_broadcast(
+        self, call_next: Callable, channel: str, callback: Callable, **kwargs
+    ) -> int:
+        @functools.wraps(callback)
+        def wrapped_callback(header, message):
+            # Extract trace context from message headers
+            ctx = extract(header) if header else Context()
+
+            # Start a new span with the extracted context
+            with self.tracer.start_as_current_span(
+                "transport.subscribe_broadcast",
+                context=ctx,
+            ) as span:
+                self._set_span_attributes(span, channel=channel)
+
+                return callback(header, message)
+
+        return call_next(channel, wrapped_callback, **kwargs)
+
+    def subscribe_temporary(
+        self,
+        call_next: Callable,
+        channel_hint: str | None,
+        callback: MessageCallback,
+        **kwargs,
+    ) -> TemporarySubscription:
+        @functools.wraps(callback)
+        def wrapped_callback(header, message):
+            # Extract trace context from message headers
+            ctx = extract(header) if header else Context()
+
+            # Start a new span with the extracted context
+            with self.tracer.start_as_current_span(
+                "transport.subscribe_temporary",
+                context=ctx,
+            ) as span:
+                self._set_span_attributes(span, channel_hint=channel_hint)
+
+                return callback(header, message)
+
+        return call_next(channel_hint, wrapped_callback, **kwargs)
+
+    def unsubscribe(
+        self,
+        call_next: Callable,
+        subscription: int,
+        drop_callback_reference=False,
+        **kwargs,
+    ):
+        # Get current span context
+        current_span = trace.get_current_span()
+        current_context = (
+            trace.set_span_in_context(current_span) if current_span else Context()
+        )
+
+        with self.tracer.start_as_current_span(
+            "transport.unsubscribe",
+            context=current_context,
+        ) as span:
+            self._set_span_attributes(span, subscription_id=subscription)
+
+            call_next(
+                subscription, drop_callback_reference=drop_callback_reference, **kwargs
+            )
+
+    def ack(
+        self,
+        call_next: Callable,
+        message,
+        subscription_id: int | None = None,
+        **kwargs,
+    ):
+        # Get current span context
+        current_span = trace.get_current_span()
+        current_context = (
+            trace.set_span_in_context(current_span) if current_span else Context()
+        )
+
+        with self.tracer.start_as_current_span(
+            "transport.ack",
+            context=current_context,
+        ) as span:
+            self._set_span_attributes(span, subscription_id=subscription_id)
+
+            call_next(message, subscription_id=subscription_id, **kwargs)
+
+    def nack(
+        self,
+        call_next: Callable,
+        message,
+        subscription_id: int | None = None,
+        **kwargs,
+    ):
+        # Get current span context
+        current_span = trace.get_current_span()
+        current_context = (
+            trace.set_span_in_context(current_span) if current_span else Context()
+        )
+
+        with self.tracer.start_as_current_span(
+            "transport.nack",
+            context=current_context,
+        ) as span:
+            self._set_span_attributes(span, subscription_id=subscription_id)
+
+            call_next(message, subscription_id=subscription_id, **kwargs)
+
+    def transaction_begin(
+        self, call_next: Callable, subscription_id: int | None = None, **kwargs
+    ) -> int:
+        """Start a new transaction span"""
+        # Get current span context (may be None if this is the root span)
+        current_span = trace.get_current_span()
+        current_context = (
+            trace.set_span_in_context(current_span) if current_span else Context()
+        )
+
+        with self.tracer.start_as_current_span(
+            "transaction.begin",
+            context=current_context,
+        ) as span:
+            self._set_span_attributes(span, subscription_id=subscription_id)
+
+            return call_next(subscription_id=subscription_id, **kwargs)
+
+    def transaction_abort(
+        self, call_next: Callable, transaction_id: int | None = None, **kwargs
+    ):
+        """Abort a transaction span"""
+        # Get current span context
+        current_span = trace.get_current_span()
+        current_context = (
+            trace.set_span_in_context(current_span) if current_span else Context()
+        )
+
+        with self.tracer.start_as_current_span(
+            "transaction.abort",
+            context=current_context,
+        ) as span:
+            self._set_span_attributes(span, transaction_id=transaction_id)
+
+            call_next(transaction_id=transaction_id, **kwargs)
+
+    def transaction_commit(
+        self, call_next: Callable, transaction_id: int | None = None, **kwargs
+    ):
+        """Commit a transaction span"""
+        # Get current span context
+        current_span = trace.get_current_span()
+        current_context = (
+            trace.set_span_in_context(current_span) if current_span else Context()
+        )
+
+        with self.tracer.start_as_current_span(
+            "transaction.commit",
+            context=current_context,
+        ) as span:
+            self._set_span_attributes(span, transaction_id=transaction_id)
+
+            call_next(transaction_id=transaction_id, **kwargs)
diff --git a/src/workflows/util/zocalo/configuration.py b/src/workflows/util/zocalo/configuration.py
index 08a600aa..359fe37c 100644
--- a/src/workflows/util/zocalo/configuration.py
+++ b/src/workflows/util/zocalo/configuration.py
@@ -8,6 +8,26 @@
 from workflows.transport.stomp_transport import StompTransport
 
 
+class OTEL:
+    """A Zocalo configuration plugin to pre-populate OTELTracing config defaults"""
+
+    class Schema(PluginSchema):
+        host = fields.Str(required=True)
+        port = fields.Int(required=True)
+        timeout = fields.Int(required=False, load_default=10)
+
+    # Store configuration for access by services
+    config = {}
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def activate(configuration):
+        # Build the full endpoint URL
+        endpoint = f"https://{configuration['host']}:{configuration['port']}/v1/traces"
+        OTEL.config["endpoint"] = endpoint
+        OTEL.config["timeout"] = configuration.get("timeout", 10)
+        return OTEL.config
+
+
 class Stomp:
     """A Zocalo configuration plugin to pre-populate StompTransport config defaults"""